“呐喊”何须“彷徨”?——论鲁迅小说对于思想启蒙的困惑与质疑  

No Need to "Hesitate" While "Screaming"——On the Puzzlement and Doubt about Enlightenment in Lu Xun's Novels

作　　者：宋剑华[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学中文系,广东广州510632

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第1期95-104,共10页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目"‘娜拉’现象的中国言说"(13FZW044)

摘　　要：《呐喊》与《彷徨》的创作主题,并不是学界原先所阐释的那样,被理解为攻击儒学"礼教",而是通过一系列形象化的故事叙事,深刻地揭示文化个体与文化共同体之间关系的错综复杂性。鲁迅从"孤独者"与"狼子村"的思想对峙中,发现了构成乡土中国文化"长明灯"的历史原因:"庸众"与"庸俗"作为乡土中国的强大势力,一直都在以其强大的社会存在,与作为精英意识的儒学礼教形成对抗。因此在鲁迅个人看来,"庸俗"与"礼教"是截然对立的两个概念,反"传统"的重点也应首先放在反"庸俗"方面,这才是《呐喊》与《彷徨》改造"国民性"思想的真实表达。The themes of Lu Xun＇ s novels Screamingand Hesitation are not to attack ＂Confucianism ＂as was interpreted by previous literary researchers,but to reveal the complexity of the relationship between cultural individual and cultural community through a series of vivid stories.Lu Xun has found the historical reasons for ＂altar lamps＂ of the Chinese local cultures from the mental confrontations between ＂solitaries＂ and ＂wolf village＂ ： ＂vulgarity＂ and ＂mediocre mass＂,as strong forces in Chinese countryside,have been defying the so-called elite ＂Confucianism＂.In Lu Xun＇ s eyes,since ＂vulgarity＂ and ＂Confucianism ＂ are two confronting concepts,anti-tradition should focus on anti-vulgarity,which is what ＂reforming national characters＂ really means in Screamingand Hesitation.

关 键 词：《呐喊》 《彷徨》 “孤独者” “狼子村” “长明灯” “礼教” “庸俗” 

分 类 号：I210.6[文学—中国文学]