The Ideological Pressure As an Indicator of the Relationship Between Communist Authorities and Teachers in Poland in the Years 1945-1989  

作　　者：Romuald Grzybowski Krzysztof Jakubiak Elzbieta Gorloff Anna Tomkiel 

机构地区：[1]University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

出　　处：《US-China Education Review(B)》2014年第12期907-917,共11页美中教育评论（B）

摘　　要：This research aims at introducing important aspects of the teacher indoctrination process which took place in communist Poland （1945-1989）, the indication of which was imposing the materialist worldview based on the assumptions of Marxism on them. The authors aspire to find answers to the following research questions： 1. Where did communist authorities place school and teachers in the social and political system of the Polish People＇s Republic （PRL）？ 2. What did communist authorities expect from teachers？ 3. How did the authorities define their materialist worldview and why was it inseparably interconnected with Marxism-Leninism？ 4. What actions did communist authorities undertake in their aspiration to develop materialist worldview among teachers and teacher candidates？ and 5. What were the effects of these actions？ The research process will most of all take advantage of the historical research method. The research makes it possible to reveal how communist authorities strived after taking full control over school which was supposed to become an important tool for transmitting communist ideology into the consciousness of another generation of Polish kids and teenagers. School education in Poland after 1945 was compulsory and lasted long which made it an appealing indoctrination tool. That is why the communists decided to ＂take over＂ schools. However, schools themselves would not be enough. What communists had to do was to win over or/and indoctrinate the teachers. What was the most important for communist authorities was for their programme to be actively supported by teachers who were supposed to educate their students in accordance with the communist ideology values. Since one of the principal tasks of schools was to develop secular, materialist worldview among their students, the authorities decided that teachers themselves should have the same worldview. The idea became the most important principle when developing both teacher training curricula and ideological training courses for a

关 键 词：TOTALITARIANISM TEACHERS ideological education indoctrination worldview 

分 类 号：G451.6[文化科学—教育学] D261[文化科学—教育技术学]