印刷电路板光板缺陷图像预处理研究  

Defect Image Preprocessing of Printed Circuit Board

作　　者：乔闹生 张奋[2] 黎小琴 

机构地区：[1]湖南义理学院物理与电子科学学院,湖南常德415000 [2]湖南文理学院计算机科学与技术学院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2015年第2期136-141,共6页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61475045);湖南省科技计划项目(2014FJ3027,2011FJ3076);湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(13A062);中国博士后科学基金(2012M521553);光电信息集成与光学制造技术湖南省重点实验室(067);湖南文理学院重点学科建设项目(光学)(2013004);湖南省光电信息技术校企联合人才培养基地(1303)

摘　　要：为了更好地对印刷电路板光板缺陷图像进行预处理,提出了一种改进的基于全变分模型自适应图像预处理方法。分析了基于全变分范数的图像预处理模型,指出了其存在的缺点。讨论了基于L1+p范数的广义的全变分图像预处理模型,分析了其优点与不足之处。提出了一种改进的基于全变分模型自适应图像预处理方法,该方法能尽可能地去除印刷电路板光板缺陷图像中的噪声,同时可克服缺陷图像去噪后存在的边缘模糊与阶梯效应,使去噪后的图像得到增强且具有更加光滑、细腻的视觉效果。对实际获取的印刷电路板光板缺陷图像采用四种图像预处理方法或模型进行了主观与客观实验比较,结果表明,该方法对印刷电路板光板缺陷图像预处理有较好的效果。而且,针对不同的印刷电路板光板缺陷采用该方法都能很好地检测出结果。In order to actualize image preprocessing of defect image on printed circuit board better, an improved self-adaptive image preprocessing method based on the total variation model is proposed. The image preprocessing model based on the total variation norm is analyzed, and its shortcomings are pointed out. The generalized total variation image preprocessing model based on L1 ＋ pnorms is discussed, the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. An improved self-adaptive image preprocessing method based on the total variation model is proposed, the defect image noise of printed circuit board can be eliminated as far as possible by using the proposed method. At the same time, the edge faintness and ladder effect existed in the defect image can be overcomed better after denoising, and the image after denoising has more slippery and exquisite visual effects.The subjective and objective experimental comparisons among the four image preprocessing methods or models are achieved aiming at the defect image of actual printed circuit board, and the result indicates that the proposed method has good effect on defect image preprocessing of printed circuit board. What is more, the results are all detected better by adopting the proposed method for different printed circuit board defects.

关 键 词：图像处理 印刷电路板图像 全变分模型 EULER-LAGRANGE方程 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]