柏拉图与后现代哲学——以尼采、胡塞尔和海德格尔为例  

Plato and Post-modern Philosophy

作　　者：朱耀平[1] 刘辰飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学哲学系,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《武陵学刊》2015年第1期26-30,97,共6页Journal of Wuling

基　　金：江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目"胡塞尔遗稿中的心灵哲学研究"(12ZYB000)

摘　　要：尼采、胡塞尔和海德格尔等人在所谓"后现代哲学"中称得上是举足轻重的人物。尼采曾经把他自己的哲学界定为"颠倒了的柏拉图主义",但尼采对柏扛图的激烈批判与反驳,恰恰证明柏拉图哲学对他的巨大影响;通常认为"意向性理论"是胡塞尔现象学最为重要的一个发现,但实际上柏拉图对这个"发现"早已有所发现;海德格尔认为,柏拉图和亚里士多德以后的哲学都遗忘了"存在",因此,重新提出存在的意义问题,就是要回到柏拉图和亚里士多德这一西方哲学的源头上去,以他们已经赢得的东西为基础,将他们未竞的事业推向前进。这表明,柏拉图哲学与后现代哲学之间的关系错综复杂,二者之间不存在不可逾越的鸿沟。Nietzsche, Husserl and Heidegger are three of the most famous post-modern philosophers. Nietzsche regarded his own philosophy as ＂reversed Platonism＂, but Nietsche＇ s intense criticism and refutation of Platonism was the very evidence of Plato＇ s great influence upon him. ＂Theory of Intentionality＂ was usually regarded as one of the most important discoveries of Husserl＇ s Phenomenology, but in fact Plato had grasped the spirit of that theory ages ago; for Heidegger, Plato and Aristotle represent the original source of western philosophy, for they were the only two philosophers who had realized that ＂the meaning of Being＂ is the basic problem of philosophy, which was forgotten from then on. Based on their achievement, Heidegger called for the renewal of the problem in the hope of pushing forward its development. All these examples have made it clear that there isn＇t an unbridgeable gap between Plato＇s philosophy and post-modern philosophy.

关 键 词：柏拉图 尼采 胡塞尔 海德格尔 后现代哲学 

分 类 号：B516.3[哲学宗教—外国哲学]