《喜福会》:“天鹅”之歌与政治隐喻  

Minor Literature and the Politics of Identity in Joy Luck Club

作　　者：何卫华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学外国语学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]德国不莱梅雅各布大学,不莱梅28759

出　　处：《外语教学》2015年第2期70-75,共6页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"雷蒙.威廉斯:文化研究与‘希望的资源’"(项目批号:12YJC752011);浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题"英国文化研究的现代转型与政治使命"(项目批号:13NDJC140YB)的阶段性成果;中国博士后科学基金(项目批号:2012M520879;2013T60438);"浙江理工大学521人才培养计划"的资助

摘　　要：根据德勒兹和瓜塔里的论述,少数文学是集体政治的重要表达。在当下这一全球化时代,由于人生的偶然或故国的凋敝,流散成为越来越多人切实的生活体验,而德勒兹和瓜塔里意义上的少数文学也自然成为21世纪的重要文学现象。作为一部重要的少数文学作品,谭恩美的《喜福会》讲述了四位移居异国他乡的华人母亲及各自女儿的故事。通过对个体人生遭遇的叙述,该文本描述了四对母女在身份建构上的彷徨、努力和抉择。由于不同缘由抛却故土来到美国,空间上的转移让母亲们得以逃脱故国的不堪。虽都无法完全挣脱过去记忆的梦魇,但母亲们都寄希望女儿们能成功融入美国社会,完成从丑小鸭到白天鹅的蜕变。作为在美国出生的新一代,四位女儿则分别讲述了各自成长过程中的挫折。虽存在价值观上的差异和沟通上的障碍,但在人生抉择的路口,母亲苦难的过去最终都演变为智慧的启迪和行动的力量,帮助女儿们超越自身和确立主体性,从而奏响人生的"天鹅"之歌。以少数文学的政治为视角,本文将母女的故事分别解读为德勒兹和瓜塔里意义上的"逃逸"和共同体的重新辖域化,由此论述文本中杂糅性主体身份的欺骗性及其与美国当下文化策略的关联。According to Deleuze and Guattari, minor literature is one of the most fundamental expressions of collective politics. In this global age, minor literature is playing a more and more important role in world literature due to the fact that an increasing number of people flee and become exiles because of adversities in life or chaos in their homeland. As a representative work of minor literature, Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan traces the difficult process of assimilation of four mothers and daughters into the host culture. After suffering in their home country, the mothers are able to get away from the chaos in their home country through spatial dislocation. Though haunted by the nightmarish memory of their past, the mothers nevertheless hope that their daughters can become.overachievers by assimilating themselves into the new culture successfully. As second genera- tion immigrants, the four daughters encounter various difficulties in the process of their growth. Despite communication prob- lems between mothers and daughters, the daughters finally get over their life problems and gain their own agency in America with the help of their mothers who reaped wisdom from their own sufferings back in China. Based on Deleuze and Guattari＇ s understanding of minor literature, this paper tries to probe into the political significance of this text by interpreting these stories as allegories of flight and deterritorialization in Deleuze＇ s sense.

关 键 词：《喜福会》 移民 少数文学 共同体 主体性 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]