3种不同方法提取大扁杏仁油脂性质比较  

Comparative Research on the Properties of Three Different Extraction Methods of Almonds Oil from Prunus Armeniaca Linn

作　　者：朱振宝[1,2] 刘旷[1] 易建华[1,2] 刘梦颖[1] 卢洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学生命科学与工程学院,西安710021 [2]陕西省食品加工工程技术研究中心,西安710021

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2015年第2期57-60,共4页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：陕西省教育厅自然科学研究项目(11JK0629);陕西科技大学博士启动基金(BJ10-26)

摘　　要：研究提取方法对大扁杏仁油脂理化性质及氧化稳定性的影响。分别采用水酶法、索氏抽提法和超临界CO2萃取3种方法得到油脂,分析了大扁杏仁油的主要理化特性、脂肪酸组成、VE含量,比较了3种方法提取油脂的氧化稳定性。结果发现:3种提取方法对大扁杏仁油脂的碘值、折光指数等性质影响不大,而对酸值、皂化值、过氧化值以及色泽、气味、水分、挥发物等理化性质影响较大;3种方法提取的大扁杏仁油脂肪酸组成基本相同,主要以油酸、亚油酸为主,不饱和脂肪酸含量在94%左右;索氏抽提法油脂中VE含量最高,主要以β-生育酚为主;不同提取方法对大扁杏仁油氧化稳定性有较大影响,其中,Rancimat法测定大扁杏仁油的氧化稳定性(OSI)依次为:索氏抽提法﹥水酶法﹥超临界CO2萃取法。The effects of different extraction methods on the properties of almonds oil from prunus armeniaca linn were investigated in this work. The almonds oil were obtained by using three extraction methods （ aqueous - enzyme method, Soxhlet - extraction method , SCF - CO2 ） , which were comparatively studied by analyzing the oil qualities such as physico - chemical properties, fatty acids composition and VE, and oxidation stability was compared during extraction process. The results showed that the oil extracted by different extraction method has considerable variations in acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, moisture and volatile contents but only slight variations in iodine value, refractive index. Secondly, the oil by different extraction methods has similar fatty acids profile, which is mainly composed of unsaturated fatty acids （ oleic acid and linoleic acid）. The Soxhlet extraction oil has the highest content of VE, which is mainly composed of β- VE. Additionally, the effect of extraction methods on the oxidation stability of oil is significant. The oxidation stability of Soxhlet extraction oil is the greatest compared with those obtained by using the other two extraction methods.

关 键 词：大扁杏 仁油 脂肪酸 生育酚 氧化稳定性 

分 类 号：TS225.6[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]