《天工开物》所附《琢玉图》考  

A Study of Zhuoyu Tu in Tian Gong Kai Wu

作　　者：关晓武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院自然科学史研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2014年第4期459-470,共12页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：中国科学院自然科学史研究所重点培育方向项目"中国古玉加工工艺研究"

摘　　要：《天工开物》是最早记载和图示琢玉机的文献。自1637年初版刊行以来,在翻刻和传抄过程中,出现了多种版本。文章重点考察和对比了《天工开物》几个版本中"珠玉"篇的相关琢玉文字和《琢玉图》,将图示琢玉机划分为框架型、完整型和扩展型三种型式,初步解读了前两种类型是否存在实物原型和相互关系的6种可能性。Song Yingxing＇s Tian Gong Kai Wu （ Illustrated Description of Handicrafts and Indus- tries） of 1637 was the first work to include a description and illustration of the so-called zhuoyu ji （jade carving machine）. To date, more than ten editions in printed and manuscript form of the Tian Gong Kai Wu are extant. Differences exist in both the text and illustrations among these editions, which provide a large amount of technical information, but also give rise to difficulties concerning the study of jade carving crafts and texts during Song Yingxing＇s time. This article focuses on the text about jade carving and the Zhuoyu Tu（ Illustration of jade carving） in several of the editions available, and divides the zhuoyu fi depicted in these illustrations into three types-frame type, integrated type and extended type. It provides a preliminary interpretation on six possibilities whether physical prototypes of the frame type and integrated type ever actually existed, and how they may relate to each other.

关 键 词：《天工开物》 宋应星 《琢玉图》 琢玉机 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] TS93-092[轻工技术与工程]