不同道路条件对城市路段交通流特征的影响研究  

Research on Traffic Flow Characteristic Parameters of Urban Road Sections Based on Different Road Conditions

作　　者：王茹[1] 翁剑成[1] 乔国梁[2] 

机构地区：[1]交通工程北京市重点实验室(北京工业大学),北京100124 [2]国家智能交通系统工程技术研究中心(交通运输部公路科学研究院),北京100088

出　　处：《道路交通与安全》2015年第1期8-14,共7页Road Traffic & Safety

基　　金：国家科技重大专项2013年度"核高基"项目资助(2013ZX01045-003-002)

摘　　要：以北京市快速路和主干路作为研究对象,基于微波检测器和视频检测器数据,研究城市路段交通流特征的影响因素.论文利用非线性回归的方法确定路段的通行能力和临界速度值,并采用独立样本T检验的方法评估交通设施属性、道路平纵线形、车道数量以及道路出入口4个因素对交通流参数产生的影响.研究结果表明,城市道路受到间断流设施影响、线形复杂化、车道减少以及出入口车流干扰等因素的影响,城市基本路段的自由流速度、通行能力及临界速度均有不同程度的降低.其中间断流设施对交通流特征参数的影响最为明显,间断流设施相对于连续流设施自由流速度减少了39.8%,通行能力折减了64.29%.车道数对自由流速度的影响次之,单向4车道比单向3车道路段自由流速度增加了16.81%,通行能力增加了14.29%.Taking Beijing expressways and arterial roads as the main objects,this paper analyzed the influence of factors on the urban road traffic flow characteristics using fixed detector data（ speed,flow,and occupancy） as well as video data. Based on Greenshields models,this paper developed a nonlinear regression model to estimate the capacity and speed at capacity. The independent-samples T-test was applied to prove that the difference of transport facility type,roadway alignment design,number of lanes and section location resulted in different influence on traffic flow parameters. The results showed that traffic flow parameters were reduced in different degrees by complicated road alignment,less lanes and traffic interference. The interrupted traffic flow on urban arterials was the most significant influence factor,and free-flow speed dropped 39. 8%, the roadway capacity reduced 64. 29% compared to the uninterrupted flow facilities. The number of lanes also had the influence on the traffic flow; for example,the free-flow speed of four-lane roadways was 16. 81% higher than that of three-lane roadways,and the road capacity increased 14. 29% when three-lane roadways were converted into four-lane roadways.

关 键 词：交通流特性 影响因素 道路条件 通行能力 自由流速度 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]