运动员腘绳肌损伤危险因素的Meta分析  

Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for Hamstring Muscle Injury in Athletes

作　　者：韩经超[1] 刘卉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2015年第2期79-86,共8页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家体育总局奥运科技服务项目:"国家队驻北体大训练运动员动作技术的运动生物力学监控与分析"(项目编号:2013B033);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划;北京体育大学硕士学位论文

摘　　要：目的：腘绳肌拉伤是体育运动中最常见的损伤之一,且康复难度大复发率高。通过对腘绳肌损伤的危险因素进行综合的Meta分析,有助于深入了解影响腘绳肌拉伤的危险因素,为有效地预防和康复腘绳肌拉伤提供科学依据。方法：收集1992-2014年间国内外公开发表的关于腘绳肌损伤危险因素的研究文献,根据入选标准与排除标准纳入文献并对其质量进行评价,根据入选文献的异质性检验结果,对各危险因素进行随机效应模型或固定效应模型的Meta分析。结果：本次Meta分析结果显示,腘绳肌损伤的主要危险因素为年龄（SMD=0.68,95%CI 0.12-1.25;RR=4.04,95%CI 2.08-7.84）,股四头肌最大力矩（SMD=0.58,95%CI 0.19-0.96）,腘绳肌损伤史（RR=2.56,95%CI 1.93-3.40;OR=2.98,95%CI 1.30-6.81）。结论：与腘绳肌损伤关联度最大危险因素为年龄的增大,有腘绳肌损伤史和股四头肌最大力矩过大。运动员的身高,体重,腘绳肌最大力矩,腘绳肌肌力与股四头肌肌力比,腘绳肌柔韧性与腘绳肌损伤的发生关联不明显,是否为腘绳肌损伤的主要危险因素尚不确定,还需要进一步的研究证实。Objective： Hamstring strain is the most common injury in sports,it is hard to recovery and its recurrence rate is high. The purpose of this study was to figure out the main risk factors of hamstring muscle injury by meta-analysis for providing references of injury prevention and rehabilitation. Methods： Literatures related to risk factors of hamstring muscle injury published from 1992 to 2014 were collected according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Data was analyzed by confirm fixed effects model or random effects model according to heterogeneity. Result： Results showed that the main risk factors of hamstring muscle injury are age（ SMD = 0. 68,95% CI 0. 12 - 1. 25; RR = 4. 04,95% CI 2. 08 - 7. 84）,quadriceps peak torque（ SMD = 0. 58,95% CI0. 19 - 0. 96）,history of hamstring injury（ RR = 2. 56,95% CI 1. 93 - 3. 40; OR = 2. 98,95% CI 1. 30- 6. 81）. Conclusions： Elder age,higher hamstring muscle injury history and too high quadriceps peak torque are the main risk factors of hamstring muscle injury. Athlete＇s height,weight,peak torque of hamstring muscle,peak torque ratio of hamstring muscle to quadriceps femoris,hamstring flexibility are not related to hamstring muscle injury,cannot be identified as the hamstring injury risk factors. Further study is required.

关 键 词：腘绳肌 肌肉拉伤 危险因素 META分析 运动损伤预防 生物力学 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学]