太湖典型植物氨基酸组成特征及其对水环境的影响  

Characteristics and influence to overlying water of amino acids from typical plants distributed in Lake Taihu,China

作　　者：刘丹[1] 白画画[2,3] 朱元荣[2] 林樱[4] 吴丰昌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,南京210098 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037 [4]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2015年第1期119-127,共9页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41130743)资助

摘　　要：在太湖两个不同湖区（东太湖和贡湖）各选择了8种不同类型的典型水生植物和1种陆生植物全株作为研究对象,采用邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生-反相高效液相色谱法对其中15种氨基酸的组成特征进行了分析,并探讨了植物来源氨基酸对湖泊水环境的影响.结果表明东太湖区域植物体中总可水解氨基酸（THAAs）的平均含量为861.6±182.96μmol/g,贡湖区域植物体中THAAs平均含量为700.0±232.3μmol/g;不同类型植物体中THAAs的含量大小依次为：沉水植物、浮叶植物〉挺水植物〉陆生植物;其中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸和赖氨酸是THAAs的主要组成部分,这5种氨基酸的摩尔浓度占氨基酸总量的50%以上;太湖植物中THAAs所含的氮元素对植物总氮的贡献在30.7%~94.7%之间,是植物体氮元素的主要组分,也是内源氮输入的主要来源.东太湖区域采集的植物样品中各氨基酸的浓度比例与东太湖水体氨基酸组成差异较大,但与沉积物氨基酸组成较吻合,表明东太湖植物来源的有机质和氨基酸是沉积物中有机质和氨基酸的重要来源.The concentrations of total hydrolyzable amino acids（ THAAs） were investigated in 8 kinds of typical plants of both East Lake Taihu and Gonghu Bay,in order to find the links and differences of composition of THAAs in the typical plants,sediments and water as well as the composition of THAAs in different typical plants of Lake Taihu. The form and composition of 15 kinds of THAAs in 18 samples were analyzed by o-phthalaldehyde pre-column derivatization-RP-HPLC. The average concentration of THAAs in typical plants of East Lake Taihu was 861. 6 ± 182. 96 μmol / g. The average concentration in typical plants of Gonghu Bay was 700. 0 ± 232. 3 μmol / g. The comparison of the concentrations of THAAs in different kinds of plants showed submerged macrophytes and floating-leaved macrophytes had the highest concentration of THAAs,followed by emerged macrophytes and terrestrial plants. The dominating amino acids were Asparagine,Glutamic acid,Arginine,Alanine and Lysine,which accounted for more than 50% of concentration of THAAs. About 30. 7%-94. 7% of the N in plants were from THAAs,which was an important source of N in plants. Meanwhile,in comparison with the composition of THAAs in sediments and water in Lake Taihu,the typical plants generally aligned with sediments but different from the water. It showed that THAAs in plant may be an important source of the THAAS in sediments.

关 键 词：太湖 典型植物 氨基酸 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X524