微生物降解酚类污染物的研究进展  

Progress of Phenolic Compounds Degradation by Microbes

作　　者：陈治希[1] 刘昭文[1] 杨凯[1] 刘鸿杰[2] 吴龙火[1] 

机构地区：[1]赣南医学院药学院,江西赣州341000 [2]广西大学化学化工学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《广州化学》2015年第1期72-78,共7页Guangzhou Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81102797);赣南医学院校级课题(YB201305;YB201308)

摘　　要：从降解酚类微生物筛选、影响酚类降解的因素、降解机制和降解动力学等方面综述了微生物降解酚类污染物的研究进展。微生物降解苯酚的代谢途径主要为厌氧途径和好氧途径。好氧条件下,苯酚首先被氧化成邻苯二酚中间态,然后在邻位或者间位发生苯环裂解反应。厌氧条件下,苯酚首先被微生物羧基化,然后发生脱羟基还原反应和开环裂解。微生物降解苯酚的霍尔丹方程模型的参数是多变的,所以微生物降解苯酚的动力学方程没有固定常数。The progress was reviewed about microbial degradation of phenolic pollutants from the phenol-degrading microbes, factors affecting phenol degradability, degradation mechanism and degradation kinetics, etc. It had been found that many natural and synthetic compounds were readily biodegradable in natural environment, and large numbers of pollutant-degrading microorganisms co-exist in natural environment, particularly in soils. The mechanism of phenols biodegradation depended on aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In the microbial degradation of phenols under aerobic conditions, the phenol biodegradation was initiated by oxygenation into catechols as intermediates followed by a ring cleavage at either the ortho or meta position. The anaerobic biodegradation was initiated via carboxylation of phenol followed dehydroxylation and dearomatisation. The parameter values of Haldane model were vary, hence it never be possible to describe the kinetic parameter of a microbe with a single set of constants.

关 键 词：酚类污染物 微生物降解 酚类降解动力学 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]