自我效能感与工作环境对护士工作倦怠感的影响  

Influence of self-efficacy and work environments on job burnout in nurses

作　　者：黄燕波[1] 于书慧[1] 王兰[2] 丁炎明[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院泌尿外科,100034 [2]北京大学第一医院护理部,100034

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2015年第5期548-552,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的：探讨护士自我效能感与工作环境对其工作倦怠感的影响。方法采用横断面调查的方法,便利选取北京市某三级甲等医院1118名护士,分别采取一般自我效能感量表（ GSES）、工作环境问卷、工作倦怠感量表（ MBI）测评护士的自我效能感、工作环境及工作倦怠感状况。结果护士的自我效能感得分（2.40±0.58）分,工作环境得分（3.36±0.82）分,均为中度水平；护士工作倦怠感的情绪枯竭得分（34.00±11.55）分、去人格化倾向得分（11.62±7.63）分,均为高度倦怠,而个人成就感得分（35.59±11.02）分,为中度倦怠。护士工作倦怠感的情绪枯竭、去人格化倾向与自我效能感及工作环境均呈负相关（r=-0.199--0.127,P〈0.01）,护士个人成就感与自我效能能及工作环境呈正相关（r=0.132-0.287,P〈0.01）。结论护士的自我效能感及工作环境与其工作倦怠感密切相关,临床管理者应着重提高护士自我效能感,营造良好的工作环境,为降低护士工作倦怠感提供有效途径和方法。Objective To describe the influence of self-efficacy and work environments on job-related burnout in nurses. Methods The population was registered nurses （n=1 118） by convenient sampling in cross-section study. Nurses were investigated by using General Self-Efficacy Scale, Work Environments Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory（MBI）. Results The self-efficacy score was （2. 40 ± 0. 58） and work environments score was （3. 36 ± 0. 82）, both of which predicted moderate level. The score of emotional exhaustion （EE） in nurse burnout was （34. 00 ± 11. 55） and depersonalization （DP） was （11. 62 ± 7. 63）, both were illustrating high burnout, while the score of personal accomplishment （PA） was （35. 59 ± 11. 02）, stating moderate burnout. Meanwhile the scores of EE and DP were negatively correlated with self-efficacy and work environments（r= -0. 199 -0. 127, P〈0. 01）, otherwise the PA were positively correlated with self-efficacy and work environments（r = 0. 132 0. 287, P 〈 0. 01）. Conclusions Self-efficacy and work environments in nurses are correlated with job-related burnout. Nurse managers should give more attentions to improve nurses′self-efficacy and work environments to decrease job burnout in nurses.

关 键 词：护士 自我效能感 工作环境 工作倦怠 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]