贾谊与董仲舒行政伦理思想比较  

Comparison of Jia Yi's and Dong Zhongshu's Administrative Ethics

作　　者：张雪莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学政府管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《衡水学院学报》2015年第2期23-27,共5页Journal of Hengshui University

基　　金：黑龙江大学研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2014-130HLJU)

摘　　要：贾谊与董仲舒的人生际遇曲折多舛,而正是这样的经历迫使其对治国理政有了更深刻的体悟和思考。贾谊与董仲舒都曾受到儒家、法家、道家思想的影响,二者对儒、法、道的思想有继承更有发展。贾谊形成了"以礼治国""坚持仁政、不废法治""以民为本"的行政伦理思想,董仲舒形成了"以德治国""罢黜百家、独尊儒术""天人感应"的行政伦理思想。对比分析二者的行政伦理思想,可以看出贾谊将礼的概念由伦理范畴扩展为政治范畴,而董仲舒是将德育引申到治国方法中;贾谊用制度沟通礼、法,董仲舒强调儒术的统治地位;贾谊主张以"民意"选吏,董仲舒利用"天意"来约束统治者的行为。二者的行政伦理思想是启示借鉴与继承发展的关系。The unfortunate and tortuous life experiences of Jia Yi and Dong Zhongshu caused them to have a deep understanding and thinking of administering a country. Both of them were influenced by Confucianism, Legalism and Taoism and inherited and developed them. Jia Yi formed the administrative ethics of administering a country with etiquette, insisting on policy of benevolence, not repealing the govenment by law and being people-oriented, while Dong Zhongshu formed the administrative ethics of administering a country with virtue, banning the contention of a hundred schools of thoughts and honouring Confucianism alone, and the telepathy between heaven and man. A comparison of these two administrative ethics shows that Jia Yi developed the concept of etiquette from ethics to politics while Dong Zhongshu extended the concept of virtue to administering ways, that Jia Yi used systems as the bridge of etiquette and law while Dong Zhongshu highlighted the governing position of Confucianism, and that Jia Yi insisted on selecting government officials based on public opinions while Dong Zhongshu restrained the governors＇ behavior by way of God＇s will. These two administrative ethics show the relation of inspiration and reference as well as inheritance and development.

关 键 词：贾谊 董仲舒 行政伦理思想 人生际遇 理论基础 

分 类 号：B82-051[哲学宗教—伦理学]