湖库滨岸带土地利用对潜水中氮磷削减率的影响  

Effects of Land Use in Lake/Reservoir Shore Area on Reduction Rate of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Groundwater

作　　者：王守全[1] 袁旭音[1] 韩磊[1] 刘斌武[1] 罗小勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第2期204-210,共7页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作专项(2012DFA60830);国家自然科学基金(41372354)

摘　　要：研究了太湖西部的天目湖和大溪水库以裸地、草地、林地和裸露滩地为主的4种覆盖类型滨岸带潜水中氮磷浓度的空间变化,分析了不同滨岸带对潜水中氮磷的削减率,并对影响潜水氮磷浓度及削减率的主要因素进行分析。结果表明,滨岸带潜水中氮的主要形态为硝态氮,其质量浓度变化范围为0.48~6.83 mg·L-1,氨氮浓度普遍较低,草地和林地滨岸带对硝态氮削减效果较好,平均削减率分别为68.3%和63.4%,而耕地滨岸带潜水中硝态氮浓度有升高趋势。滨岸带潜水中磷的主要形态为溶解性磷,裸地对磷的削减率较高,达32.0%,草地和林地滨岸带对磷的削减率较低,总体上滨岸带对氮的削减率要远高于磷。分析认为影响研究区滨岸带氮磷削减率的主要因素是土壤结构、植被类型和水文状态。Spatial variation of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in shallow groundwater in shore areas different in land use（ cropland,grassland,woodland and barren bottomland） around Lake Tianmu and the Daxi Reservoir,to the west of Lake Taihu was studied,and effect of land use reducing N and P in shallow groundwater and its affecting factors analyzed. Results show that nitrate-N was the major form of inorganic nitrogen in the shallow groundwater,varying in the range of 0. 48-6. 83 mg·L-1,and comparatively,ammonia-N was quite low in concentration. Woodland and grassland showed good effects of reducing nitrate-N in groundwater,with nitrate-N reducing rate reaching to 68. 3% and 63. 4%,respectively,while cropland did a reverse trend,increasing the concentration of nitrate-N somewhat. The phosphorus in the groundwater was mainly in the form of dissolved phosphorus. Barren land was the highest in P reduction rate,reaching up to32. 0% and followed by grassland and woodland. On the whole,the effect of land use in the shore area was far more obvious on the reduction of N than on P. Correlation analysis indicates that soil structure,vegetation type and hydrological regime were the major factors affecting N and P reduction rates in the studied shore area.

关 键 词：营养物 潜水 水库滨岸带 土地覆盖类型 削减率 

分 类 号：X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]