复方中草药添加剂对施氏鲟肌肉营养成分及品质的影响  

Effect of dietary medicinal herb compound additives on nutrition composition and texture profile of amur sturgeon(Acipenser schrenckii)

作　　者：马玲巧[1] 彭晓珍[1] 李大鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院/淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心/农业部淡水生物繁育重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2015年第3期111-116,共6页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAD25B06);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2013PY024);湖北省自然科学基金重点项目(2012FFA029)

摘　　要：为了解饲料中添加复方中草药对施氏鲟肌肉营养成分和品质特性的影响,按照7∶5∶4∶4的质量比例将茯苓、白芍、鱼腥草及大黄进行复方制备,在饲料中添加3种不同含量比例(0.5%、1%和2%)的复方中草药,对体质量为(137.61±22.26)g的施氏鲟进行8周的养殖试验。试验设1个对照组(0%添加量)和3个添加组(0.5%组、1%组、2%组)。利用生化分析、物性分析方法对施氏鲟肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸以及质构特性进行测定。结果显示,0.5%和1%组的肌肉粗灰分含量显著高于2%组和对照组,0.5%组的肌肉粗蛋白含量显著高于对照组和其他添加组。氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸总量在4组间没有显著性差异,但0.5%组的鲜味氨基酸总量显著高于对照组,其中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸含量都显著高于对照组,0.5%组天冬氨酸含量还显著高于1%和2%组。除了十七碳一烯酸在添加组中的含量略有下降外,其他脂肪酸在中草药添加组中的含量都要高于对照组。0.5%和1%的添加组可显著增加施氏鲟肌肉中大部分脂肪酸的含量,但2%添加量对施氏鲟肌肉中各脂肪酸含量并无显著影响。添加组的肌肉粘聚性显著高于对照组,2%组的肌肉咀嚼性显著低于对照组;而添加组和对照组在肌肉硬度、黏着性、弹性和回复性上均没有显著性差异。研究表明,适量的复方中草药能增加肌肉粗蛋白的含量,提升部分鲜味氨基酸和脂肪酸的含量,起到增加肌肉风味、改善肌肉品质的作用。The aim of this study was to determine the impact of Chinese medicinal herb compound additives on the growth performance, proximate body composition, fatty acids profile, amino acid compo- sition and texture profile of amur sturgeon （Acipenser schrenckii）. The fish （mean body weight of 137. 61±22.26 g） were fed diets with 0. 5%, 1%, 2% supplement of Chinese medicinal herb compound additives （consist of Poria cocos,Radix Paeoniae Alba, Houttuynia cordata Thunb,Rheum palmatum Llnn at a certain rate） for 8 weeks. The control group was fed diets without Chinese medicinal herb com- pound additives. The crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, moisture, amino acid composition and fatty acid composition of muscle in amur sturgeon were assayed by biochemical analysis methods. The parameters of muscular texture profile, including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience, were analyzed using a texture analyzer. Double compression was applied to construct the texture profile analyses （TPA） on raw fillets. The results showed that the 0. 5% and 1% group had higher ash content than the control and 20//00 group. The 0. 5o//00 group showed a higher crude protein content than other groups （P〈0. 05）. No significant differences were found in TAA and HEAA among the four groups. However, the 0. 5% group showed higher Asp, Glu, Gly and FAA than the control group （P〈0. 05）. The 0. 5% and 1% group had higher n-3 and n-6 than the control group. The control group had the lowest C18：2n-6, C18.3n-6, EPA, DHA, which showed significant differences with the 0. 5 % and 1% group. No significant differences were found in TAA and HEAA between the 2 % group and the con- trol group. The treated group showed a higher cohesiveness than the control group, and the 2% group showed lower chewiness than control group （P〈0.05）. No significant differences were found in hard- ness, gumminess, springiness, and resilience among the four groups. The results suggested that the 0. 5 % supplementatio

关 键 词：施氏鲟 中草药 营养成分 质构特性 

分 类 号：S963.16[农业科学—水产养殖]