多机场终端区进场交通流建模与仿真分析  

Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Approaching Traffic Flow of Multi-Airport Airspace

作　　者：张洪海[1] 胡勇[1] 杨磊[1] 许炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京211106

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2015年第1期105-112,共8页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:61104159);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(批准号:NJ20130019)资助

摘　　要：为了揭示多机场终端区交通系统拥堵机理,从多机场终端区交通流基本运行特征出发,定义了空中交通流特征参数。考虑空中管制员的反应时间,运用跟驰理论和局域先到先服务原则,建立了符合管制认知的进场交通流模型。结合某终端区实例,在模型的基础上运用NetLogo仿真工具构建三维运行场景,通过实验统计交通流宏观态势演化过程中数据,分析了交通流特征参数关系以及配流、调速对终端区运行容量影响,挖掘了交通流特性及其相变规律。仿真结果表明:1流量与速度密度乘积存在显著的线性关系,进场交通流存在明显相变与迟滞特征,可划分为自由相、畅行相、伪拥塞相和同步拥塞相等基本相态;2配流、调速对终端区运行容量有显著影响。In order to study traffic congestion mechanism at multi-airport airspace,three basic parameters of air traffic flow are defined based on the operation characteristics of traffic flow.Firstly,controllers′reaction time,car following theory and local FCFS rules are used to establish a traffic flow model consistent with the controller′s cognition.Then through a multi-airport airspace case study,a three-dimensional simulation was developed through NetLogo.Through a statistical analysis of the traffic flow data,the relationship among traffic flow parameters and the impact of flow assignment and speed adjustment on the operation capacity are analyzed.Moreover,the characteristics of air traffic flow and its evolution are studied.The simulation results indicate that there is a strong linear relationship between traffic flow and the product of velocity and density.In addition,there is a notable phase transitions and lag in the evolution process of approaching traffic flow.These phases can be divided into free-flow,uncongested,pseudo-congestion and synchronized-congestion.It also shows that flow assignment and speed adjustment have a significant impact on the operation capacity.

关 键 词：航空运输 交通流特性 建模与仿真 多机场终端区 NETLOGO 

分 类 号：V355[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]