青少年问题性网络使用的性别差异  

The difference of adolescent＇s problematic internet use between boys and girls

作　　者：阳秀英[1,2,3] 李梦姣[2] 李新影[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学 [3]右江民族医学院

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2015年第3期240-243,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（31170993和91132728）;中国科学院知识创新工程项目（KSCX2-EW-J-8）

摘　　要：目的 探讨网络活动（包括上网时间、网络活动偏好）、意志控制在男、女青少年问题性网络使用差异中的作用.方法 采用简单随机取样方式,从中国科学院心理研究所双生子研究样本库抽取844名年龄9-20岁的青少年作为被试,其中男生385人（45.6％）,女生459人（54.4％）.所有被试在第一轮（T1）调查中进行了网络活动和意志控制水平的测查,在1.5年后的第二轮（T2）调查中测量了其问题性网络使用的程度.采用卡方检验、t检验和相关分析,分析男、女青少年网络活动、意志控制水平和问题性网络使用得分的差异及三者之间的关系;采用回归分析性别对网络活动与问题性网络使用关系的调节效应;采用Sobel检验对意志控制在男、女青少年问题性网络使用差异中的中介效应进行检测.结果 男生工作日及周末平均每天上网时间分别为1.52 h和2.12 h,女生工作日及周末平均每天上网时间分别为1.49 h和2.05 h;男生和女生工作日及周末平均每天上网时间的差异无统计学意义（t=0.541,0.907,P＞0.05）.参与网络游戏的男生人数高于女生（x2=47.669,P＜0.01）.男生和女生的意志控制水平得分分别为54.09和55.76,问题性网络使用得分分别为22.48分和20.72分;男生的意志控制水平低于女生（t=-2.879,P＜0.01）,而问题性网络使用得分则高于女生,差异有统计学意义（t=3.612,P＜0.01）.平均每天上网时间、网络社交、娱乐活动与问题性网络使用之间呈正相关（r=0.249,0.175,0.140,P＜0.01）,且性别在工作日平均每天上网时间与问题性网络使用的关系中存在显著的调节效应.意志控制在男、女问题性网络使用的差异中存在显著的中介作用（Z=-2.54,P＜0.05）.结论 意志控制在性别与问题性网络使用中存在中介作用.Objective To investigate how internet using （both time and activities）and effortful control would contribute to the sex difference of problematic internet use （PIU）.Methods A total of 844 adolescents aged 9-20 years old were selected from Chinese Academy of Sciences twin-sample by simple random sampling,with boys accounting for 45.6% and girls accounting for 54.4%.The internet using and effortful control were measured using self-report questionnaires in the first time（T1）,the problematic internet use were measured after one and half years （T2）.The difference and relation of Internet using,effortful control and problematic internet use between boys and girls were measured with Chi-square test,t test and correlation analysis.The moderating effect of sex between internet using and PIU were explored by utilizing regression analysis.The mediation effect of effortful control between sex and PIU were explored with Sobel test.Results The anverage internet time of working day and weekend in boys were 1.52 h and 2.12 h respectively.The average internet time of working day and weekend in girls were 1.49 b and 2.05 h respectively.Significant difference between boys and girls is not existed in the internet time （t=0.541,0.907,P〉0.05）.And the boy was inclined to game（x2 =47.669,P〈0.01）.The effortful control of boys and girls were 54.09 and 55.76 respectively.The score of boys＇ and girls＇ PIU were 22.48 and 20.72 respectively.Boys＇ effortful control was significantly lower than that of girls （t=-2.879,P〈0.01）.The score of boys＇ PIU was significantly higher than that of girls＇ （t=3.612,P〈0.01）.Adolescents＇ PIU were significantly correlated with the time,entertainment and social activities （r=0.249,0.175,0.140,P〈0.01）.The moderating effect of sex was significant in the relation between internet time and PIU.Significant mediation effect of effortful control existed in the PIU difference between boys and girls（Z=-2.54,P〈0.05）.Conclusion Significant mediation effect of

关 键 词：问题性网络使用 网络活动偏好 意志控制 青少年 差异 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]