从法律正义到道德信仰——道德报偿的斯密图式及其当下省思  

From Laws of Justice to Moral Faith——Adam Smith's Paradigm of the Theory of Moral Recompence and Its Contemporary Considerations

作　　者：费尚军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学人文学院哲学系,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第2期40-45,共6页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"当代中国公民伦理建构视域中的道德报偿理论研究"(12CZX060);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"公民伦理建构视域中的道德报偿理论研究"(11YJC720010)

摘　　要：在亚当·斯密的道德理论中,法律正义的优先性确保了世俗社会的可能性,却也只是实现有效的道德报偿的初始性社会条件。即使有正义法则的有效性以及良知的权威,对提供公正报偿的完美信念来说,人性的弱点以及良知的"脆弱性",使信仰成为了一种"不可放弃"的要求。由此,斯密在动机与效果统一性难题的思辨中,亦以最终诉诸信仰的方式,为道德报偿命题提供了一种典型的分析范例。In Adam Smith＇ s moral theory, the priority of the laws of justice ensures the possibility of the secular society, but it is merely the initial condition to realize the effective moral recompense. Because of the weakness of human nature and the frangibility of conscience, the effectiveness of rules of justice and the authority of conscience are not sufficient for providing the society with the perfect belief of moral recompence, and then the religious belief is also a requirement which can not be given up. Therefore, Adam Smith, by considering the problem of motive and effect of the action and resorting to the moral faith,provides us with a typical paradigm of analyzing the moral recompence.

关 键 词：亚当·斯密 法律正义 道德信仰 道德报偿 

分 类 号：B82-09[哲学宗教—伦理学]