状态补语是汉语的显赫句法成分  

On the mighty category status of the complement of state in Chinese grammar

作　　者：陆丙甫[1] 应学凤[2] 张国华[3] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学语言类型学研究所,南昌 [2]浙江外国语学院中国语言文化学院 [3]武汉中南财经政法大学外国语学院

出　　处：《中国语文》2015年第3期195-205,287,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(12BYY090)资助

摘　　要：从类型学的角度看,状态补语的原型虽然是焦点化的方式表达,但其功能已经远超出方式状语的范围,具有强大的能产性和扩展能力。它的语法化程度极高;就其编码形式的凸显程度而言,可说是汉语句法成分中最容易识别的。因此,它不仅该看作现代汉语句法中一个独立的成分,而且该看作一个显赫范畴,不宜取消或合并到其他成分中。状态补语的性质特点,是汉语尾焦点凸显这一信息结构特点的又一个明显表现。本文也讨论了有关的汉语句法编码的基本特点以及语法编码的一些一般共性规律。The prototype of the complement of state in Modern Chinese grammar is a focalized expression of manner in its origin.From a typological perspective,however,it should be treated as an independent mighty category of Chinese syntax,as its syntactic function has extended far beyond that of adverbial of manner,which makes it a highly grammaticalized category with high productivity and strong extendibility.It is also the most identifiable one among all categories of syntactic constituents in Chinese.Therefore,it should be treated not only as an independent but also a mighty constituent in Chinese grammar.An elaboration on the main grammatical features of the complement of state provides strong evidence that the syntax of Chinese is more infonnation-structure-oriented than most of other languages.

关 键 词：显赫范畴 状态补语 语言类型学 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]