2012年福清市城市老年人膳食结构调查  

Survey on Dietary Pattern of the Urban Elderly,Fuqing City,2012

作　　者：康金钊 许榕仙[2] 徐幽琼[3] 陈祖凰 郑德斯 

机构地区：[1]闽侯县疾病预防控制中心,福建闽侯350101 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院营养与保健医学系,福建福州350108 [3]福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004 [4]福清市疾病预防控制中心,福建福清350300

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2015年第4期246-249,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解城市老年人膳食营养状况和膳食结构模式,为今后开展社区健康教育提供基础数据。方法 2012年1月整群随机抽取福清市6个居委会,按住户分布的实际情况分为每25户1群,每个居委会随机抽取1群共6群150户,用食物频率法调查60岁以上244名老年人的上一年的各类食物摄入频率和摄入量,分别计算每日食物摄入量、每日营养素摄入量、三大营养素产能比和蛋白质来源百分比等。结果老年人每人每日谷类、鱼虾类、蛋类、大豆类及油、盐平均摄取量在推荐量范围内,蔬菜、水果类、肉类、奶类摄取量低于推荐量。60岁女性组水果、肉类、奶类摄取量明显高于70岁女性组(P<0.01);60岁男性组谷类摄入量明显高于60岁女性组(P<0.01);70岁男性组奶类摄入量明显高于70岁女性组(P<0.01);60岁总人群肉类、大豆、奶类摄取量明显高于70岁总人群(P<0.01、P<0.05)。老年人平均能量、维生素E、铁摄入量超过推荐营养素摄入量(RNI);蛋白质、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C、钙、锌、硒的平均摄入量均低于RNI/AI标准。60岁女性组热能、蛋白质、VitB2、钙、锌、硒摄入量明显高于70岁女性组(P<0.05、P<0.01);70岁男性组热能、蛋白质、VitB1、锌、硒摄入量明显高于70岁女性组(P<0.01、P<0.05;60岁总人群热能、VitB1、锌摄入量明显高于70岁总人群(P<0.01、P<0.05)。结论福清市老年人膳食结构不太合理,应控制热能摄入量,适当增加奶肉和果蔬摄入量。Objective To understand the dietary pattern and the nutritional status of the urban elderly in Fuqing city,so as to provide the basic data for the future development of community health education.Methods In January 2012,six neighborhood committees were selected by cluster random sample in Fuqing city,Fujian province.One group with 25 families each was randomly selected according to the actual household distributions in the six neighborhood committees.A total of 150 families were selected.A total of 244 elderly people over 60 years old were surveyed with questionnaires on their food frequency.They were investigated on all kinds of food intake frequency and intake last year.Then daily food intake,daily nutrient intake,three major nutrients energy intake ratio and the ratio of protein sources were calculated respectively,etc.Results The elderly people＇s daily average intake of grain,fish and shrimp,eggs,soybeans,oil and salt were in the scope of Chinese Dietary Guidelines.Their daily average intake of vegetables,fruits,meat,milk were lower than Chinese Dietary Guidelines.The daily average intake of fruits,meat and milk in the males of 60 years old group were significantly higher than in the women of 70 years old group（P〈0.01）.The daily average intake of grain in the males of 60 years old group was significantly higher than in the women of 60 years old group（P〈0.01）.The daily average intake of milk in the males of 70 years old group was significantly higher than in the women of 70 years old group（P〈0.01）.The daily average intake of meat,soybeans and milk in the total crowd of 60 years old group were significantly higher than in the total population of 70 years old group（P〈0.01,〈0.05）.The elderly people＇s daily average intake of energy,vitamin E and iron surpassed recommended nutrient intake（RNI）values.Their daily average intake of protein,vitamin A,vitamin B1,vitamin B2,vitamin C,calcium,zinc and selenium were lower than RNI or AI values.The daily average intake of energy,protein,vit

关 键 词：膳食结构 膳食调查 老年人 

分 类 号：R153.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]