基于CFD-DEM耦合法的灭火机风筒优化与试验  

Simulation optimization and test of fire extinguisher funnel based on CFD-DEM coupling method

作　　者：蒋梅胜 李恒 李林书[3] 彭凯[1] 王顺喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]中机华丰(北京)科技有限公司,北京100083 [3]珠海出入境检验检疫局,珠海519015

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第8期104-111,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903041-04)

摘　　要：为了进一步研究风力灭火机的灭火性能,并防止灭完火的区域死灰复燃,在风筒进口增加了超细干粉灭火剂进行喷射灭火。喷射式风力灭火机的性能主要体现在出口风速、射程和喷射的稳定性上,而后两者分别主要由灭火剂颗粒的喷出的速度和风筒内滞留灭火剂的量决定的。该文采用6MF-30型风力灭火机使用的风筒为原型验证仿真模型的可靠性,采用CFD-DEM耦合的方法对喷射式风力灭火机的工作过程进行仿真模拟。以风筒收缩角、灭火剂添加位置、风筒长度作为因素,按照二次正交旋转组合设计进行仿真试验,进行显著性检验和方差分析,建立了回归方程。结果表明:3个因素相对颗粒喷出速度和风筒内颗粒数都具有显著相关性,显著水平分别为P<0.0001和P<0.001,而这3个参考因素与出口风速无明显相关性;3个参考因素中风筒长度是对机械性能影响最大的因素。采用响应面法、加权法综合对最佳参数组寻优,发现喷射式风力灭火机收缩角取20°,灭火剂添加孔道距进风口140 mm,风筒长度700 mm时喷射式灭火机性能得以提高。采用该参数组的虚拟试验结果显示,颗粒喷出速度提高至41.24 m/s,同时风筒内颗粒数降低至209个。实体样机验证试验表明:采用该参数组设计的风筒可以有效提高喷射式风力灭火机的喷粉射程2.15 m,缩短灭火时间1.7 s且无复燃。该研究为风力灭火机风筒优化模拟提供了参考。The mechanic performance of ejecting pneumatic fire extinguisher is determined by the following parameters：air speed at funnel exit, outfire range and ejecting stability;and the second and third parameters depend on the fire extinguishing agent pellet’s velocity on funnel exit and the amount of fire extinguishing agent pellets detained in the funnel when extinguisher is working. In this research, the CFD-DEM coupling model was adopted to simulate the working process of ejecting pneumatic fire extinguisher, and the type of 6MF-30 pneumatic extinguisher was used to test the reliability of the coupling model. The funnel throat angle X1, the adding position of fire extinguishing agent X2, and the funnel length X3 were selected as the influencing factors, and total 23 experiments were conducted by the simulation model under the quadratic orthogonal rotation design. The virtual tunnel was designed according to the tunnel equipped to 6MF-30 pneumatic extinguisher. The virtual fire extinguishing agent pellets were found on the EDEM interface, coupled to the original CFD by Lagrangian model. The pretest results showed that this model had strong convergence which was proved by its stable airflow performance when running at the time of 0.2-0.25 s, and stable pellet number when running at 0.34 s. The air velocity at exit calculated by the CFD-DEM coupling model was similar to the theoretical value. It could be found that the number of aggregating virtual pellets detained in the region between the air tunnel and the fire extinguishing agent’s channel was consistent with the result of research by other scholars. The simulating experiment data were exported for analyzing. The average velocity in axial direction on each point at funnel exit was read by Fluent, and after subtracting the average value 197.550, the deviation data of the 23 experiments were got and selected as the outlet wind velocity （index Y1）. The max virtual pellet velocities in axial direction monitored by EDEM within 0-0.4 s of all experiments were s

关 键 词：灭火机 计算机仿真 优化 CFD-DEM耦合 风筒 

分 类 号：S776.294[农业科学—森林工程]