乳酸菌复合系和植物乳杆菌提高柳枝稷青贮效果  

Lactic acid bacteria community and Lactobacillus Plantarum improving silaging effect of switchgrass

作　　者：刘晶晶[1] 高丽娟[2] 师建芳[3] 王小芬[1] 袁旭峰[1] 崔宗均[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/中国农业大学生物质工程中心,北京100193 [2]北京市理化分析测试中心,北京100089 [3]农业部规划设计研究院农产品加工工程研究所,北京100125

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第9期295-302,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B01);新世纪优秀人才支持计划(2014FG039)

摘　　要：该文旨在探讨接种乳酸菌复合系SGL和植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)对柳枝稷青贮效果的影响。以营养生长阶段的柳枝稷为原料,分别接种1 OD600/kg鲜质量的SGL和Lactobacillus Plantarum,以不接菌的处理作为对照。在发酵第3、10、20和30天开罐取样进行检测分析发酵饲料品质,通过短期人工瘤胃技术测定体外瘤胃发酵参数的变化,并运用高通量测序技术分析原料和青贮料的细菌多样性。结果表明:接种乳酸菌复合系SGL和Lactobacillus Plantarum均能有效抑制Enterobacter和Clostridium,使Lactobacillus成为控制发酵的优势菌,加快青贮过程中p H值的下降速率,提高柳枝稷青贮饲料品质,并提高柳枝稷青贮料的瘤胃发酵效果,复合菌系SGL比纯培养的Lactobacillus Plantarum的效果更突出。Switchgrass （Panicum virgatumL.） is a warm-season perennial bunchgrass, and the crude protein content of its whole pant is higher than the whole plant of soybean. It is a kind of excellent grass as a livestock feed, which not only has high yield and outstanding quality, but also shows very strong tolerance or resistance to the adverse environment. Lactic acid bacteria （LAB） are often added to forage crops for improving the silage fermentation at the ensiling period, and LAB community has been widely used to prepare the fermented feed, such as alfalfa, crop stalks, bagasse and manioc waste. However, few studies have been done about the effect of LAB on the characteristics of switchgrass silage. Considering the selectivity of inoculants, a stable LAB community named SGL was detected from switchgrass silage by continuous restricted subcultivation. The results of the pyrosequencing showed that the major components in the SGL wereLactobacillus nantensis （78.78%）,Lactobacillus plantarum （7.92%）,Lactobacillus panthers（5.27%）,Bacillus coagulans（4.41%） andLactococcus lactic（3.31%）, of whichLactobacillus plantarum （LP） is one of the most frequently used LAB species. The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the SGL community or a single componentLactobacillus plantarum on the fermentation, microbial diversity and rumen fermentation of the resulting silage. Switchgrass was harvested by hand in mid-June when it was just in the vegetative growth stage （26.43% dry matter）, and chopped to about 1.5 cm with a laboratory type chopper. The chopped forages were ensiled in 2 L anaerobic jars in the following treatments： control that is untreated, SGL and LP. SGL and LP were both applied in the same quantity of distilled water （10 mL solution per kg forage） at the dose of 1 OD600/kg of fresh forage. The control also received 10 mL water per kg forage forage. Three jars per treatment were sampled on the 3rd, 10th, 20th and 30th day after ensiling, for chemical and micr

关 键 词：菌 发酵 微生物 乳酸菌复合系 植物乳杆菌 柳枝稷 青贮 瘤胃发酵 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]