人力资本理论教育扶贫效果实证分析——基于陕西7地市18个贫困县教育扶贫效果调查  

Empirical Analysis of the Effectiveness of Educational Poverty Alleviation Based on the Human Capital Theory——The Research of its Effectiveness on 7 cities and 18 Poor Counties

作　　者：何家理[1] 查芳[2] 陈绪敖[2] 

机构地区：[1]安康学院政治与历史系,陕西安康725000 [2]安康学院经济与管理系,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《唐都学刊》2015年第3期125-128,共4页Tangdu Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目:"秦巴山区退耕还林与连片扶贫攻坚互动途径与机理研究"(12BJY028);陕西省教育厅社会科学基金项目:"秦巴山区退耕还林后续产业与连片扶贫攻坚互动途径及机理研究"(12JK0151)

摘　　要：人力资本是与物质资本相对而存在的一种资本形式,教育是人力资本形成的主要途径,教育通过人力资本的形成而对经济增长产生连续的作用。教育扶贫属于脱贫致富的重要途径之一。由于教育扶贫效果间接且周期长、难于量化的特点,因而教育扶贫往往并不是政府确定经济社会发展路径的首选之策。对于生态环境脆弱、经济人文发展相对落后的地区来说,脱贫致富的路径选择是一个必须面对的现实问题。通过对陕西省宝鸡、咸阳、安康、汉中、商洛、渭南、榆林7地市18个国家级贫困县57个村四千多个农户问卷调查发现:陕西贫困山区教育扶贫效果处于"有功不明"的状态。教育扶贫具有推动人口由不发达地区向发达地区流动减轻当地环境承载压力、引起家庭收入来源结构发生变化、外出务工的工资同受教育程度成正相关关系、农户由单一的种粮转向种粮与经济作物相结合、人们生育观念发生变化等方面的功效。Compared with the material capital, the human capital exists as another form of capital, of which educa- tion is the main channel and will have continuous positive influence for the national economic growth. Therefore, educational poverty alleviation is one of the important ways to overcome poverty and to achieve prosperity. Howev- er, there are some disadvantages such as long cycle, indirect effect, and difficulty in being quantified. According- ly, educational poverty alleviation is not necessarily the first choice adopted by the local government for the social and economic development. As for the special areas with vulnerable ecological environment and relatively backward economic and cultural development, their choice is a realistic problem facing them. Over 4,000 household survey in 7 cities, 18 national poverty counties and 57 villages, including Baoji, Xianyang, Ankang, Hanzhong, Shangluo, Weinan, Yulin found that the its effectiveness is not quite obvious. Educational poverty alleviation is ex- pected to produce the following effects： to help the population move from less developed area to more developed area to reduce the pressure in the local environment ; to change the structure of household income source ; raise the migration workers＇ wages, positively correlated with their education level; to change the single cropping patterns in- to the combined planting crops and commercial crops; and to transform people＇s ideas on family planning.

关 键 词：陕西贫困山区 教育扶贫 人口流动 实证分析 

分 类 号：G467.2[文化科学—教育学]