利用酿酒酵母发酵刺参饲料的条件优化研究  

The Optimization of Fermentation Condition of Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) Feed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

作　　者：姜燕[1,2] 王印庚[2] 麦康森[1] 张正[2] 廖梅杰[2] 荣小军[2] 李彬[2] 王新安[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第5期28-38,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA10A412-4);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD17B03);国家自然科学基金项目(31202016)资助

摘　　要：以酿酒酵母为发酵菌种,开展了刺参饲料发酵条件优化的研究。测定不同含水量、温度和发酵时间条件下发酵饲料的感官性状评价和理化指标。结果表明,以10%(V/W)的接种量接入酿酒酵母种子液、发酵温度25℃、含水量70%发酵时间为3d的实验组效果最好:发酵饲料的干物质回收率(Dry matter recovery,DMR)、粗蛋白含量(Crude protein,CP)、氨基酸态氮占总氮的含量(Percentage of amino acid nitrogen to total nitrogen,AA-N/tN)分别达到最高值,氨态氮占总氮的含量(Percentage of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen,NH3-N/tN)相对较低;饲料的气味、颜色和黏度等综合感观性状达到最佳。研究表明,酿酒酵母可以作为发酵刺参饲料的备选菌种,其最适发酵条件:环境温度25℃、基础饲料含水量70%、发酵时间3d。研究结果将为新型海参饲料的制备和应用提供途径。The fermentation condition of sea cucumber （Apostichopus japonicus） feed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was optimized in this study. The effects of water content of dry feedstuff （50%, 60%, 70% and 80%）, temperature （20, 25, 30 and 35 ℃） and time （1, 2, 3, 4 and 5d） on fermentation were deter- mined. The fermentation treatments were inoculated with 10% （V/W） of S. cerevisiae seed solution. The evaluation indexes of fermentation included sensorial characteristics and physicochemical indexes of feed in the fermentation process. The results showed that the physicochemical indexes including dry matter recov- ery （DMR）, crude protein （CP） and the percentage of amino acid nitrogen to total nitrogen （AA-N/tN） reached the highest, and the percentage of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen （NH3-N/tN） maintained within a low level on day 3 in 25 ℃ ,70% water content group~ at the same time, the sensorial characteris- tics including smell, color and viscosity achieved the best in this group. These findings indicated that S. cerevisiae can be used as one of candidate strains for sea cucumber feed fermentation, and the optimum tech- nological parameters （water content, fermentation temperature and fermentation time） were 700%, 25℃ and 3days. The research may be helpful for the development and application of sea cucumber new type feed.

关 键 词：酿酒酵母 刺参 饲料 发酵 工艺参数 粗蛋白含量 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S963.5[农业科学—水产养殖]