垄断行业高收入不合理程度研究  

Research on the Inequitable Proportion of Wages in Monopoly Industry

作　　者：岳希明[1] 蔡萌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学财政金融学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2015年第5期5-17,共13页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"转型时期中国的行业垄断与居民收入分配研究"(批准号12JZD030)

摘　　要：中国垄断国有企业的高收入问题一直受到社会各界的广泛关注。国有企业管理层有动机而且也可能实施对自己有利的薪酬方案,这将导致高管人员的薪酬与普通职工相比更加不合理。因此,垄断行业不同收入水平从业人员的收入不合理程度存在异质性。本文采用以多重分位数回归为基础的Machado-Mata反事实分解方法,在整个收入分布上测量垄断行业与竞争行业工资差距中的合理与不合理比重。研究发现,垄断行业高收入中的不合理广泛存在于各个收入阶层,且不合理程度随着从业人员收入水平的上升而逐渐加大。这说明与普通职工相比,垄断国有企业高管人员的高薪酬更加不合理。这就要求政府部门在从整体水平上管控垄断国有企业高收入的同时,应该重点管控管理层的高收入。因此,解决垄断行业高收入问题的根本策略在于区分不同的国有企业类型,实施不同的企业管理模式和薪酬制度。The high income of the monopoly state-owned enterprises received wide attention in the whole society.Compared with other workers,the executives’ high income are even more inequitable since the executives themselves would enact the compensation programs they like.Therefore,the inequity is diversified among different quantiles of the income distribution of monopoly industry.Machado-Mata decomposition method based on quantile regressions is used to decompose the wage difference between the monopoly industry and competitive industry into equitable part and inequitable part.Results indicated that the income inequity exists in almost every quantile of the income distribution.Meanwhile,the inequitable proportion increases as the income levels get higher,which means that high incomes of executives are even more inequitable.This requires the government to control the high incomes of monopoly industry,especially the high incomes of executives.The basic solution is to implement different management modes and salary systems according to different types of monopoly enterprises.

关 键 词：垄断行业 工资差异 分位数回归 反事实分解 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]