停供碘盐对高碘地区儿童甲状腺肿大的影响  

Influence of removing iodized salt on children's goiter status in areas with high iodine in drinking water

作　　者：吕胜敏[1] 徐栋[1] 王玉春[2] 杜永贵[1] 贾丽辉[1] 梁索理[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021 [2]河北省衡水市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《卫生研究》2015年第3期393-397,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：河北省科学技术厅科技支撑项目(No.11276103D-3)

摘　　要：目的探讨高碘地区停供碘盐后儿童甲状腺肿大率的变化。方法在河北省衡水市随机选取了三个水碘在150-300μg/L的高碘乡,在停供碘盐前后在这三个乡分别随机选取了452和459名8-10岁儿童,用B超测量其甲状腺容积,用WHO推荐的年龄标化甲状腺容积标准判定其甲状腺肿大情况。结果停供碘盐后儿童甲状腺肿大率从24.56%（111/452）下降到5.88%（27/459）（P〈0.01）。8、9、10岁儿童的甲状腺肿大率分别从33.70%（31/92）、23.32%（45/193）、20.96%（35/167）下降到6.10%（10/164）、5.52%（9/163）、6.06%（8/132）。男孩和女孩的甲状腺肿大率分别从27.05%（66/244）、21.63%（45/208）下降到6.66%（15/226）、5.15%（12/233）。性别和年龄组甲状腺肿大率的下降均有显著统计学差异。结论河北省高碘地区停供碘盐一年半以后儿童的甲状腺肿大率显著下降。Objective To explore the changes of goiter prevalence of children living in areas with high iodine in drinking water after removing iodized salt from their diet. Methods Three towns with median water iodine of 150 -300 μg/L were selected randomly in Hengshui city of Hebei province of China. A total of 452 and 459 children in the 3 towns were randomly selected to measure thyroid volume by ultrasound before and after removing iodized salt, respectively. Their goiter status was judged using the criteria of age-specific thyroid volume recommended by the WHO. Results After removing iodized salt, the overall goiter prevalence in the three towns significantly decreased from 24.56% （111/452） to 5.88% （27/459） （P〈0.01）. The goiter prevalence in 8, 9 and 10 year-old children decreased respectively from 33.70% （31/92） , 23.32% （45/ 193） and 20.96% （35/167） to 6. 10% （10/164）, 5.52% （9/163） and 6.06% （8/ 132）. The goiter prevalence in boys and girls decreased from 27.05% （66/244） and 21.63% （45/208） to 6.66% （15/226） and 5.15% （ 12/233）, respectively. The decreases in children＇ s goiter prevalence across gender and age group were all significant. Conclusion Children＇ s goiter prevalence decreased significantly after removing iodized salt from their diet for about one and half years in the HIA in Hebei province.

关 键 词：碘过量 高碘 碘盐 甲状腺肿大 饮水 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R599[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]