现状、变迁与启示:我国近30年大学生需要研究述评  

The Present Situation,the Change and the Enlightenment:A Review on the Past 30-year Domestic Researches on Chinese University Students' Needs

作　　者：胡金连[1] 周宏[2] 董云川[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学国际学院,云南昆明650091 [2]云南大学高等教育研究院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期87-93,共7页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究西部课题"边疆地区大学生亲社会行为影响因素的系统研究"(K3030186)

摘　　要：需要是个体活动的积极性源泉。关注大学生需要的研究状况及其变迁特点,是高等教育促进大学生健康成长的重要内容。改革开放近30年以来,在大学生需要的研究状况上,呈现出研究领域相对集中、理论表述和态度立场具有时代性、需要分类的多样性及研究方法趋同性等特点;在大学生需要的变迁特征上,呈现出维持生存的需要占主导,求知的需要、奉献的需要、助人的需要在弱化。为了促进大学生需要的健康发展,社会、学校需共同努力,合理满足大学生的生存需要,提升求知的需要、奉献的需要和助人的需要。Individual activities are positively motivated by needs.Paying attention to condition and trends of research on the needs of university students is an important part of the promotion of university students’healthy growth.Since China carried out the reform and opening up policies 30 years ago,the researches on the needs of university students have shown the following characteristics:1)The research fields have been relatively concen-trated;2)The theoretical expression and attitude position have been keeping pace with the times;3)The classi-fication of needs has become diverse;4)The homoplasy of research methods was standing out.As time went by, however,the needs of university students are showing that their needs for maintaining existence are becoming more dominant,and the needs for seeking knowledge,the needs for offering,and the needs for helping others are becoming less intensive.In order to promote the healthy development of needs of university students,universities and societies should work together to meet the reasonable survival needs of university students,and to enhance the intensity of the needs for seeking knowledge,the needs for offering,and the needs for helping others.

关 键 词：大学生需求 变迁特征 教育启示 需要类型 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]