多语环境下“母语”概念的界定:困境与出路  

Defining Mother Tongue in a Bilingual or Multilingual Environment: Problems and Solutions

作　　者：方小兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院,南京211171

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2015年第2期77-86,共10页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：2013年度江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金指导项目(2013SJD740019);2012年度江苏省普通高校博士生科研创新计划项目(CXLX12-0019)的资助

摘　　要：传统语言学从语言习得、民族归属和语言使用三个维度对母语进行界定,将母语分别等同于第一语言、本族语和优势语言。在当今的双语和多语环境下,这些界定都面临着各种困境。母语作为一个具有自身独立内涵的概念,是主客观因素共同作用的产物。它既有儿童语言习得的客观基础,又包含个体和社区的语言认同。由于双认同的存在,有的双语人会拥有双母语。厘清母语概念,对于多语环境下的母语习得、母语规划、母语人权、母语保持、母语教育等研究具有重要的意义。Mother tongue is defined by traditional linguistics from three dimensions, i.e. language acquisition, national identity and language use. Thereby it is called first language, native language and dominant language accordingly. However, in a bilingual or multilingual environment,the definitions are faced with various challenges. It is proposed that mother tongue, as an independent connotative concept, is a product affected by both subjective and objective factors. It serves as an objective basis for children＇ s language acquisition and contains both individual and community identities. Due to these two identities, it is common that some bilinguals have two mother tongues. It is argued that re-defining mother tongue will shed significant light onthe acquisition, planning, human rights, maintenance and education of mother tongue in a bilingual or multilingual environment.

关 键 词：母语 第一语言 本族语 双母语 语言认同 

分 类 号：H09[语言文字—语言学]