缘起缘落：方志彤与庞德后期儒家经典翻译考  

Achilles Fang:A Chinese Friend and Pounds Late Translation of Confucian Canons

作　　者：钱兆明[1] 欧荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外围语学院,浙江杭州310036

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2015年第3期124-132,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(13FWW009)

摘　　要：美国现代派诗人埃兹拉·庞德一生推崇中国文化和儒家思想,除了在诗歌中大量引用中国典故,还翻译了《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《诗经》等儒学经典。庞德晚年被拘押在华盛顿圣伊丽莎白精神病医院期间同哈佛学者方志彤有频繁的书信往来,分析这些史料可以追溯庞德和方志彤之间围绕儒家经典翻译的探讨和争论,进而驳斥西方学者所谓18、19世纪汉学家的译著为庞德儒家经典翻译唯一依据的观点。庞德晚年的儒学翻译有诸多突破:一是突破了对个人和社会责任的关注;二是突破了"四书"的限制;三是突破了重汉语字形、轻汉语语音的成见。庞德能有这些突破,方志彤功不可没。史料证明,方志彤对庞德后期儒家典籍翻译的帮助和影响超过了半个世纪来学界的估计。Ezra Pound, the American modernist poet, had a career-long interest in Chinese culture, especially Confucianism. In addition to extensive use of Confucian sayings and other Chinese cultural and historical materials in his poetry and critical prose, Pound translated into Italian two of the ＂Four Books,＂ The Great Digest and The Unwobbling Pivot, and translated into English The Unwobbling Pivot, The Analects （also one of the ＂Four Books＂）, part of Mencius （the last of the ＂Four Books＂）, and The Book of Songs or Classic Anthology Defined by Confucius. When he was confined to St. Elizabeths Hospital in Washington D.C. in the 1950s, he befriended Achilles Fang （Fang Zhitong）, an erudite Chinese scholar at Harvard. Their correspondence from 1950 to 1958 （consisting of 108 letters from Pound to Fang and 106 from Fang to Pound） brings to light some of the world＇s most vigorous cross-cultural exchanges onConfucian ideas in the past century. The mere fact that the two learned men carried on this dialogue on Confucianism for eight and half years has effectively refuted the common belief that Pound relied totally on eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Western Sinologists＇ versions to study and translate Confucian classics. Pound＇s late Confucian translations have proven to be different from his early Confucian translations in three key aspects, first, they have shifted away from the early focus on the Confucius＇ emphasis on the individual and social responsibility; second, they have expanded in scope beyond the ＂Four Books＂ to reach classics such as The Book of Songs and The Book of History; and, third, they have cast off the widely criticized disregard for the Chinese sound. These breakthroughs in 15ound＇s late Confucianism have for decades eluded Pound scholars＇ attention. Archival materials reveal that Achilles Fang actually collaborated with Pound on Pound＇s late Confucian translations, notably his 1951 bilingual edition of Confucius.. The Great Digest ＆ The Unwobbling Pivot

关 键 词：方志彤 庞德 儒家 翻译 合作 《孔子》 《诗经》 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]