白城地区皮燕麦肥料效应与推荐施肥研究  

Fertilization Effects and Optimum Fertilizer Rate of Oats in Baicheng

作　　者：葛军勇 臧华栋[1] 钱欣[1] 杨永[1,3] 冯晓敏[1] 任长忠[4] 曾昭海[1] 胡跃高[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100193 [2]张家口市农业科学院,河北张家口075000 [3]新疆农业科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [4]吉林省白城市农业科学院,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2015年第3期98-103,共6页Crops

基　　金：国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-08-B-1);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103001);国家"十二五"粮食丰产科技工程项目(2011BAD16B15)

摘　　要：为明确燕麦需肥规律、探索吉林省白城地区皮燕麦最佳施肥量,以白燕7号皮燕麦品种为材料,依照“3414”试验设计原则,设置了氮磷钾三种肥料各4个梯度共14个处理,于2012-2013年定位研究不同施肥量对燕麦子粒产量的影响,并运用不同模型对结果进行分析。2年的大田试验结果表明,通过三元二次方程拟合得出N、P和K肥的推荐施用量分别为90、50和35kg/hm^2（纯量,下同）,燕麦子粒产量约为2 800-3 000kg/hm^2;一元二次方程拟合结果表明,N、P和K肥推荐施用量分别为100、40、30kg/hm^2,燕麦子粒产量介于2 800-3 150kg/hm^2;通过经济效益分析得出,N、P、K施用量分别为90、45、0kg/hm^2时经济效益最高,为6 100-6 300元/hm^2。综合不同模型研究结果,白城地区白燕7号皮燕麦生产中,N肥的推荐施用量为90kg/hm^2,P肥的推荐施用量为40-50kg/hm^2,K肥可以不施或低量施用。The objective of this paper was to clarify the characteristics of fertilizer utilization,and determine the optimum fertilizer rate of oats in Baicheng. Husked oat cultivar Baiyan 7 was used and fourteen treatments with different nitrogen（ N）,phosphorus（ P）,potassium（ K） were designed according to the ＂3414 ＂ experiment design in 2012 and 2013. The yield was analysed with different models. The result showed that optimum N,P and K-fertilizer rate was 90,50 and 35 kg / hm^2,and seed yield was about 2 800- 3 000 kg /hm^2,when simulation by three-factor model. The optimum N,P and K-fertilizer rate was 100,40 and 30 kg / hm^2,and seed yield was about2 800- 3 150 kg / hm^2,when simulation by one-factor model. Through economic benefit analysis,we found that when the N,P and K-fertilizer rate was 90,45 and 0 kg / hm^2,oat can obtain optimum net benefit with 6 100-6 300 RMB yuan / hm^2. Based on the above,we can draw a conclusion that a high yield and net benefit could be achieved when N and P-fertilizer rate was 90 and 40- 45 kg / hm^2,K fertilizer need not apply or apply a little.

关 键 词：燕麦 白城地区 肥料效应 “3414”试验 产量 推荐施肥量 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]