三维超声在胎儿小头畸形诊断中的应用  

The use of three-dimensional ultrasound in diagnosis of fetal microcephaly

作　　者：梁耀园[1] 马小燕[1] 黄苑铭[1] 曹建法[1] 邓雪红[1] 赖群欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院超声诊断科,广东广州510010

出　　处：《广州医科大学学报》2014年第6期71-73,共3页Academic Journal of Guangzhou Medical University

摘　　要：目的:探讨三维超声在胎儿小头畸形诊断中的应用价值。方法:应用二维及三维超声对行产前超声筛查的84 671例孕妇中5例小头畸形胎儿头颅进行检查及图像分析。结果:二维超声检查显示5例小头畸形胎儿双顶径(BPD)及头围(HC)均比实际孕周均值小3个标准差以上,三维重建显示异常胎儿的颅缝变窄及前囟、后囟消失接近闭合。结论:三维超声能在二维超声诊断胎儿小头畸形的基础上提供更多头颅的诊断信息,其能直观、形象地显示小头畸形胎儿颅骨、前囟及后囟的立体形态,对诊断及评价小头畸形的预后,指导临床干预有不可忽视的作用,是二维超声检查的重要补充。Objective：To investigate the clinical value of three-dimensional ultrasound （ 3-DUS ） in the diagnosis of fetal microcephaly.Methods：Five cases of fetal microcephaly identified from 84 671 pregnant women who underwent prenatal ultrasound screening were studied by using two-dimensional ultrasound （ 2-DUS） and 3-DUS. The ultrasound images were analyzed. Results：Two-dimensional ultrasound showed that the biparietal diameter （BPD） and head circumference （HC） in the 5 microcephalic fetuses were smaller than as found in normal fetuses of actual gestational weeks by over 3 times the standard deviation of mean values. Three-dimensional reconstruction showed narrowed cranial sutures and disappearing, nearly closed anterior and posterior fontanels in the abnormal fetuses. Conclusion：The 3-DUS may provide additional information to the 2-DUS diagnosed fetal microcephaly by visualizing the three-dimensional architecture of skull and fontanels. By these virtues, 3-DUS plays a significant role in diagnosing and evaluating the prognosis and guiding clinical intervention for fetal microcephaly, and therefore can be importantly supplementary to the 2-DUS examination.

关 键 词：小头畸形 超声检查 三维成像 胎儿 颅缝 囟门 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]