再论《太极图》与《周易参同契》“三五至精”思想之关系  

On the Relationship between the Taiji Diagram and the Idea of San wu zhi jing in the Zhouyi cantog qi

作　　者：田智忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学与社会学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《周易研究》2015年第2期46-51,共6页Studies of Zhouyi

摘　　要：清儒毛奇龄提出,《太极图》的第三层图,窃自于《周易参同契》之"三五至精图"。这一说法目前无法从版本学的角度予以验证。对此问题,我们试图从比较《太极图》与《周易参同契》和《悟真篇》这三部著作对于"三五"思想的不同表述入手做出回答。我们认为:首先,毛奇龄在论证《太极图》与《周易参同契》在"三五"思想上存在一定的渊源关系时,误将《悟真篇》的表述等同于了《周易参同契》的说法,论证极不严谨。其次,《太极图》的第三层图对五行思想的表述,与《周易参同契》和《悟真篇》对"三五"思想的表述,均有所不同。再次,《太极图》的第三层图与《太极图说》中"五行一阴阳也"的表述一致,从而体现出相当的原创性。从这个角度判断,我们认为《太极图》当出自周敦颐本人之手,与道教思想并无直接性的渊源关系。The Qing Confucian scholar Mao Qiling （1623-1716） pointed out that the third level of the＊JTaiji {Supreme Ulti- matel Diagram＂ was stolen from the San wu zhi jing tu （Diagram of the Three and Five Leading to Quintessence） in the Zhouyi cantong qi （Token for the Agreement of the Three according to the Zhou Changes）. This point of view cannot be biboliologically attested. Starting from the accounts of the idea in the Taiji Diagram, Zhouyi cantong qi, and Wuzhen pian （Awakening to the Real）, this paper attempts to answer this question and holds that when demonstrating the original relation of the idea in the three documents, Mao Qiling mistook the statement of the Wuzhen plan for that of the Zhouyi cantong qi and his argumentation was extremely less rigorous; The description of the connotations of ＂three five＂ in the third level configuration of the Taiji Diagram differs from that of the other two; the ＂Taiji Diagram＂ and Taiji tu shuo （An Explanation to the ＂Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate＂） share the same account that ＂The five agents are simply yin and yang ,＂ which embodies considerable originality. Judged from this perspective, the ＂Taiji Diagram＂ ought to have been manufactured by Zhou Dunyi （1017-1073） himself and has no direct origination from religious Daoism.

关 键 词：“三五”思想 毛奇龄 《悟真篇》 《周易参同契》 《太极图》 

分 类 号：B244.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B234.99