宁夏回族自治区食品中铅、镉、汞、铜、铝污染状况分析  

Analysis of food contamination by lead, cadmium, mercury, copper and aluminum in Ningxia

作　　者：魏秋宁[1] 晋博烜[2] 丁亚磊[1] 陈涛[1] 

机构地区：[1] 宁夏疾病预防控制中心理化科,银川750004 [2] 银川市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2015年第5期349-352,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的 了解宁夏地区食品中铅、镉、汞、铜、铝污染状况.方法 2010年,在宁夏回族自治区所辖的5个行政市的超市抽取乳制品、食用菌、鲜蛋、皮蛋、肉、动物内脏、水产品、蔬菜、粮食、面食共10类食品712份.对9类646份食品样品进行了铅、镉、汞含量检测,对其中的30份肉类样品进行铜含量检测;对面类66份面制食品样品进行铝含量检测.按照食品安全国家标准方法（GB 5009.12-2010）以及食品卫生国家标准方法（GB/T 5009.13-2003、GB/T 5009.15-2003、GB/T 5009.17-2003）进行各类食品中铅、铜、镉、汞的测定;铝的检测采用分光光度法.结果 9类食品中铅、镉、汞的检出率分别为52.8％ （341/646）、62.1％（401/646）、51.7％（334/646）;肉类食品铜检出率为90.0％（27/30）;面制食品铝检出率为84.8％（56/66）.与国家标准比较,铅、镉、汞、铜、铝的合格率分别为97.1％（627/646）、98.2％（539/549）、100.0％ （646/646）、100.0％ （30/30）、75.8％（50/66）;受铅、镉污染食品主要分布在皮蛋[铅9.5％（2/21）]、动物内脏[铅6.7％（2/30）、镉30.0％（9/30）]、蔬菜[铅9.9％ （8/90）]以及少量粮食制品[铅4.7％ （7/150）];油炸面制品和挂面铝污染水平较高,分别为40.9％（9/22）、36.4％（4/11）.结论 宁夏地区食品铅、镉、汞、铜污染较轻,监测结果令人满意;面制食品中存在铝污染,应加强食品中铝污染水平风险评估.Objective To investigate the situation of food contamination by lead,cadmium,mercury,copper and aluminum in Ningxia Region.Methods Ten categories of food samples up to 712 copies including dairy,edible mushrooms,eggs,preserved egg,meat,organs,aquatic products,vegetables,grains and pasta from supermarkets of five administrative cities of Ningxia Autonomous Region were selected in 2010.The contents of lead,cadmium and mercury in food were detected in 646 samples of 9 categories of food,and copper content of the 30 meat samples were detected.Aluminum content in 66 samples of flour food was tested.According to the methods of national food safety standards （GB 5009.12-2010） and national food hygiene standards （GB/T 5009.13-2003,GB/ T 5009.15-2003 and GB/T 5009.17-2003）,lead,copper,cadmium and mercury in various foods were tested.Aluminum was determined using the method for determination of spectrophotometry.Results The detection rates of lead,cadmium,mercury in the nine categories of food were 52.8% （341/646）,62.1% （401/646）,51.7% （334/646）;the detection rates of copper in the meat was 90.0% （27/30）;the aluminum in flour food was 84.8% （56/66）,respectively.Compared with the national standards,the eligible rates of lead,cadmium,mercury,copper and aluminum were 97.1% （627/646）,98.2% （539/549）,100.0% （646/646）,100.0% （30/30） and 75.8% （50/66）,respectively.Food contaminated by lead and cadmium were mainly distributed in preserved egg [lead detection rate 9.5% （2/21）],organs [lead detection rate 6.7% （2/30）,cadmium detection rate 30.0% （9/30）],vegetables [lead detection rate 9.9% （8/90）] and a small amount of food products [lead detection rate 4.7% （7/150）].The levels of lead in fried flour food and fine dried noodles were higher [40.9% （9/22）,36.4% （4/11）].Conclusions Food contamination by lead,cadmium,mercury and copper is not serious in Ningxia.The monitoring results of lead,cadmium,mercury and copper in food are satisfying in Ningxia.But there

关 键 词：食品安全 重金属 铅 镉 汞 铜 铝 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]