星座短腹海鞘脂溶性成分的提取工艺  

On the extraction of liposoluble components from Aplidium constellatum

作　　者：张建同[1,2] 陆亚男[1] 杨桥[1] 马丽艳[1] 樊成奇[1] 田晓清[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,农业部东海与长江口渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2015年第3期264-269,共6页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,2012M03);上海市生物医药科技支撑项目(14401901300)

摘　　要：以星座短腹海鞘（Aplidium constellatum）为研究对象,采用正交试验法对其脂溶性成分的提取工艺进行优化。以提取率和类胡萝卜素含量为指标评定工艺的优劣,并通过气相色谱对提取物中二十碳五烯酸（EPA）与二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）进行相对含量分析。结果表明,采用料液比1∶1.5（W/V）、提取时间8 min、溶剂（正丁醇/乙酸乙酯）配比1∶2（V/V）工艺条件最佳。正交试验提取物的总不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量达63.40%-65.00%,其中EPA和DHA总量在15.20%-16.30%。综合2个指标,正交试验法优化星座短腹海鞘脂溶性成分的提取工艺是可行的;利用该提取方法获得的星座短腹海鞘脂溶性提取物中,EPA和DHA两种ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量较高,具有很好的开发前景。Purpose and significance： Many physiologically active substances have been found from ascidian,among which liposoluble component is an important part. Studies have shown that ascidian liposoluble components are rich in unsaturated fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids（ PUFAs）. This experiment was the first to study the extraction process of liposoluble components from Aplidium constellatum and the optimization of the extraction process. Meanwhile,the contents of eicosapentaenoic acid（ EPA） and docosahexaenoic acid（ DHA） in liposoluble components of Aplidium constellatum were analyzed. EPA and DHA are ω-3 PUFAs widely used in lowering blood pressure. This study will provide reference for its pilot scale experiment and even commercial exploitation. As a typical marine fouling organism,ascidian hinders ships from running and competes for nutrition against breeding shellfish. It is hopeful to turn waste into valuable by studying its fat-soluble constituents,which is important to the treatment of hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease.Materials and methods： Aplidium constellatum from Dongshan Island was chosen as research object.Orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize the extraction process of ester-soluble components from Aplidium constellatum. Solid-liquid ratio（ W / V）,extraction time and solvent（ n-butyl alcohol / acetic ether）ratio（ V / V） were chosen as factors. Three factors and three levels screening tests were taken to optimize the extraction process. Extraction yields and concentrations of carotenoids were chosen as evaluating indicators toassess pros and cons of the process. In order to better evaluating the quality of the extract,the relative contents of EPA and DHA of nine samples obtained from orthogonal experiment were analyzed by gas chromatography（ GC）.Results： Results show that two indicators： the extraction yields and concentrations of carotenoids indicated that A3B3C1 is the optimal process condition,namely the ratio of solid to liqu

关 键 词：星座短腹海鞘 正交试验 提取率 类胡萝卜素 ω-3 PUFAS 

分 类 号：S986.2[农业科学—捕捞与储运]