3～12岁儿童营养素补充剂摄入量研究  

Intake of supplemental vitamin and mineral of Chinese children aged 3～12 years old

作　　者：王金子[1] 张雅蓉[1] 薛勇[1] 赵艾[1] 郑迎东[1] 张玉梅[1] 王培玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2015年第6期584-587,591,共5页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：目的通过横断面调查,描述营养素补充剂的使用率和日均使用量。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样抽取中国7城市2农村岁312岁儿童1 823名,通过6个月内营养素补充剂调查问卷获得其营养素补充剂摄入情况。结果3～6岁儿童各营养素补充率均高于7-12岁儿童（P均〈0.05）。3-12岁儿童最常使用的营养素依次为钙（27.46%）,维生素D（16.61%）,锌（13.73%）,维生素B2（12.35%）,维生素B12（12.30%）,维生素B1（12.24%）,维生素C（12.18%）,维生素A（11.35%）,维生素B6（10.47%）,叶酸（8.68%）,烟酸（7.03%）,泛酸（6.70%）,维生素E（6.17%）,铁（4.87%）。来自于补充剂的日均营养素摄入量分布范围跨度较大,且有部分极值超过可耐受最高量。大多数补充剂摄入量低于推荐量,36岁儿童维生素A补充剂摄入量均值和中位数高于推荐量。结论维生素A补充剂摄入量存在一定程度的超量风险。要更准确地评估儿童的营养状态和潜在的健康风险,应建立营养素补充剂摄入量的推荐标准和安全范围。Objective To estimate the prevalence of dietary supplement use in Chinese children and assess the average daily intake of nutrient from dietary supplement. Methods By multiple stage stratified cluster sampling, 1 823 children aged 3-12 years old were chosen and provided with dietary supplement questionnaire finished by their proxies. Result Preschoolers exhibited a higher prevalence of supplemental vitamin and mineral use during the past half year than school-age children. The most used supplements in participants were Calcium（27.46 %）, Vitamin D（ 16.61 % ）, Zinc（13.73 %） ,Vitamin B2（12.35%） ,Vitamin C（12.18%） ,Vitamin A（11. 35%） ,Vitamin B6（10.47%） ,Folic acid（8.68%） ,Niacin（7.03%） ,Pantothenic acid（6.7 %）, Vitamin E（6.17% ） , and Iron （4.87 % ）. Daily intake of each kind of nutrients ranged widely, some of which with a maximum amount over upper level of intake （UL）. Most of the nutrients intake from supplement were lower than recommended, while the mean value and the median of Vitamin A intake of children aged 3 -6 years old were both over the recommend level. Conclusions There is a risk of excess intake of vitamin A supplements. Supplements intake recommendations should be established in order to assess children＇s nutritional status and potential health risks appropriately.

关 键 词：营养素补充剂 营养素摄入 儿童 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]