2-3岁孤独谱系障碍儿童的全脑白质结构网络特征  

Characteristics of the whole-brain white-matter structural network in 2 to 3-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：钱璐[1] 钱龙[2] 邱婷[1] 肖运华 李赟[1] 肖湘[1] 肖婷[1] 储康康[1] 方慧[1] 柯晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属脑科医院儿童心理卫生研究中心,210029 [2]北京大学工学院生物医学工程系

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2015年第12期904-908,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划培育项目（91132750）;江苏省科技厅自然科学基金项目（BK2012519）;江苏省医学重点人才项目（RC2011024）

摘　　要：目的 研究2-3岁孤独谱系障碍（ASD）儿童全脑白质结构网络拓扑属性的特征.方法 对2-3岁的ASD儿童与年龄、性别及智商相匹配的发育迟缓（DD）儿童各45例进行扩散张量成像（DTI）扫描,在使用确定性纤维追踪技术构建脑结构网络的基础上采用基于图论的分析方法分析2组儿童的脑网络拓扑结构属性的特征,并进一步探讨ASD儿童脑网络拓扑结构属性的特征值与临床症状之间的相关性.结果 ASD组儿童脑结构网络的全局拓扑属性异常,表现为全局效率显著降低（P =0.006）,最短路径长度显著增加（P=0.010）;ASD儿童的脑结构网络共有11个核心节点,其中有9个与DD组相同,2个与DD组不同的核心节点为右侧颞中回及右侧背外侧额上回;与DD组相比,ASD组节点效率显著降低的区域为左侧眶部额下回、左侧内侧眶部额上回、右侧后扣带回、左侧枕下回、右侧楔前叶、左侧旁中央小叶、左侧尾状核、右侧尾状核和左侧颞上回颞极（P＜0.001）;显著升高的区域为左侧缘上回、右侧角回和左侧颞横回（P ＜0.001）;ASD组儿童脑网络拓扑结构属性的特征值与临床症状之间的相关分析未显示显著相关.结论 幼儿期ASD儿童的全脑白质结构网络存在着小世界属性;与DD儿童相比,ASD儿童全脑信息传输慢且效率降低,但在不同脑区间的结构连接上同时存在降低与增强的现象.Objective To investigate the topological property alterations of the whole-brain white-matter （WM） structural network between 2 to 3-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder （ASD） children.Methods This research used diffusion tensor imaging（DTI） tractography to construct the human brain WM networks of 45 ASD children ranging from 2 to 3-year-old and 45 age-and sex-matched DD controls,followed by a graph theoretical analysis to establish topological architecture of the cerebral anatomical network,so as to further show the relationship between topological properties and clinical symptoms of the ASD group.Results The ASD children exhibited abnormal global topological properties,as indicated by decreased global efficiency（P=0.006）,and increased characteristic path length （P =0.010）.There were 11 hub nodes of the ASD group,9 of them were the same as the DD controls,while the other two were right middle temporal gyrus and right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus.Compared with DD controls,regional efficiency in several brain areas of ASD was significantly reduced （P 〈 0.001）,including left inferior frontal gyrus（orbital part）,left superior frontal gyrus （medial orbital）,right posterior cingulate gyrus,left inferior occipital gyrus,right precuneus,left paracentral lobule,bilateral caudate nucleus,left temporal pole and superior temporal gyrus（TPOsup）.However,it also exhibited increased regional efficiency （P 〈 0.001） in a few brain regions of ASD such as left supramarginal gyrus,right angular gyrus,and left heschl gyrus.Furthermore,no significant relationship was found between topological properties of the whole-brain WM structural network and clinical symptoms in ASD children.Conclusions The ASD toddlers exhibited ＂ small-world＂ character of the whole-brain WM structural network;the whole brain information transfer and interactions between brain regions are slower and less efficient than DD controls;the ASD group exhibited the phenomenon of coexistence of decreased

关 键 词：孤独谱系障碍 扩散张量成像 脑网络 图论 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]