树蜡对鸡蛋抑菌保鲜作用研究  

Effect of Tree Waxes on Fresh Egg Storing and Bacteria Inhibiting

作　　者：李大军[1] 张旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2015年第9期119-122,共4页Food Research and Development

基　　金：吉林省世行贷款农产品质量安全项目(2011-Z60)

摘　　要：树木叶片表层蜡质是天然的保护剂,提取后用于鸡蛋保鲜。采集杨树、柳树和松枝叶片,分别用氯仿提取制成树蜡提取液,分别进行HPLC和IR组分分析。采用琼脂扩散法分别测定3种树蜡对沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌能力。鲜鸡蛋洗涤后用3种树蜡提取液、淀粉溶液、壳聚糖溶液和水溶液喷涂处理,室温储存35 d,测定鸡蛋失重、蛋黄指数、哈弗单位、蛋壳膜细菌密度。分析显示,树蜡中含有酰胺类和其它多种组分。树蜡提取液体外抑菌试验显示,杨树蜡抑菌圈最大,其次是松树蜡和柳树蜡。杨树蜡提取液、柳树蜡提取液、松枝蜡提取液、壳聚糖溶液和淀粉溶液喷涂鸡蛋后失重率分别为5.3%、5.58%、5.38%、6.03%和6.12%,蛋黄指数为0.29、0.26、0.27、0.28和0.23,哈弗单位（HU）值为49.15、45.31、47.36、42.78和38.23,蛋壳内膜细菌密度3.74×10~3 cfu/g、6.72×10~3 cfu/g、4.65×10~3cfu/g、5.30×10~3cfu/g和6.94×10~3 cfu/g。树蜡对鸡蛋喷涂处理能够产生保鲜效果。The waxy on leaves surface is natural protecting agents, with potential of antimicrobial properties for egg freshness. Collect lots of poplar, willow and pine leaves, extracted with chloroform, get trees wax extracts, and HPLC and IR analysized. Measure three kinds of tree wax on Salmonella Staphylococcus aureus bacteriostatic ability by agar diffusion method. After washing , Escherichia coli and fresh eggs analog stored eggs, spraying an aqueous solution of a tree wax, stored at room temperature for 35 d, starch and chitosan solution as a reference, water solution as a control. To determining of eggs weightlessness rate, yolk index, haugh unit, density of bacteria on inner eggshell membrane. The results showed that, a multi components existed in those including amin, 3 kind of tree wax extraction liquid in vitro bacteriostasis were in similar circle in bacteria growth medium but some extra poplar wax, followed by pine and willow. Poplar, willow, and pine leaves waxes, chitosan and starch were performed egg coating treatment for 35 d, separately, egg weightlessness rate was 5.3 %, 5.58 %, 5.38 %, 6.03 % and 6.12 % ; yolk index was 0.29, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28 and 0.23 ; HU is 49.15, 45.31,47.36, 42.78 and 38.23; inner membrane bacteria was 3.74×10^3 cfu/g,6.72×10^3 cfu/g,4.65×10^3 cfu/g, 5.30×10^3 cfu/g and 6.94×10^3 cfu/g. Tree waxes membrane of egg improved the freshness.

关 键 词：树蜡 鸡蛋 抑菌作用 保鲜 

分 类 号：TS253.4[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]