高龄妊娠与唐氏筛查高风险的产前诊断染色体异常分析  

The analysis of advanced age pregnancy and Down′s screening for fetal chromosomal abnormalities in the prenatal

作　　者：胡丹[1] 李海军[1] 李志华[1] 陈敏[1] 孙筱放[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第三医院妇产科研究所/广东省产科重大疾病重点实验室/广东省普通高校生殖与遗传重点实验室,广州510150

出　　处：《重庆医学》2015年第18期2480-2482,共3页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金支助项目(81270745);广东省科技厅对外合作项目(2013B051000087)

摘　　要：目的探讨唐氏筛查高风险对高龄妊娠染色体异常是否具有预测意义,为高龄孕妇选择唐氏筛查筛选染色体异常提供科学依据。方法回顾该院2010年1月至2013年6月因高龄妊娠唐氏筛查高风险有产前诊断指征前来咨询的病例共2 335例,所有孕妇年龄均大于或等于35岁,平均(37.43±2.93)岁。病例均进行了羊水或脐带血细胞绒毛培养染色体核型分析,培养成功率99.5%,然后对染色体核型结果进行分析。结果 2 335例高龄孕妇中产前诊断染色体结果异常的共有177例,异常率为7.58%。在异常的病例中,年龄越大,染色体异常的比率越高,除染色体多态性外,染色体三体及染色体臂间倒位为最常见的染色体异常。结论高龄孕妇进行唐氏筛查能提高胎儿染色体异常的筛查率,对于高龄妊娠唐氏筛查高风险的孕妇,需进行产前诊断以排查胎儿染色体异常。Objective To explore if the high‐risk of Down′s screening can predict the fetal chromosomal abnormalities for the advanced age pregnant women ,provide a scientific basis for the advanced age pregnant women to select the Down′s screening .Meth‐ods Reviewed the patients which had the indications of prenatal diagnostic because of advanced age and the high‐risk of Down′s screening from January 2010 to June 2013 ,a total of 2 335 cases .All the maternal age were ≥35 years old and the average age was 37 .43 ＆#177; 2 .93 .All the cases were carried out karyotype analysis that the samples were from amniotic fluid ,umbilical cord blood or villus ,the training success rate is 99 .5% .Results We found 177 cases abnormal fetal chromosome in the 2 335 cases advanced age women ,the abnormal rate is 7 .58% .The greater the age ,the higher of the chromosomal abnormalities rate in the unusual cases .In addition to chromosomal polymorphism ,the trisomy of the chromosome and inversions between chromosome arms are the most common chromosomal abnormalities .Conclusion Conducted the Down′s screening in the advanced age women can improve the screening rates of the fetal chromosomal abnormalities .It is necessary for the high‐risk of Down′s screening in advanced age preg‐nant women to have the prenatal diagnosis to investigate the fetal chromosomal abnormalities .

关 键 词：妊娠 唐氏综合征 新生儿筛查 染色体畸变 

分 类 号：R714.5[医药卫生—妇产科学]