乘用车子午线轮胎泵浦噪声机理的实验-数值混合分析方法  

A hybrid experimental-numerical analysis for radial tire air pumping noise generation mechanism

作　　者：危银涛[1] 冯希金[1] 郑小刚[1] 冯启章[1] 王昊[1] 陈亚龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2015年第11期166-172,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275265;51175286)

摘　　要：汽车在中高速行驶(乘用车超50 km/h,卡车超80 km/h)时,轮胎噪声取代其他部分噪声成为行驶噪声的主声源。轮胎噪声产生机理主要分为三种:泵浦噪声、振动噪声以及空气动力学噪声。其中泵浦噪声与轮胎花纹设计有关,属于可设计噪声。如何确定声源的频谱特性,进而预测轮胎噪声仍然是一个难点问题。提出一种泵浦噪声源识别的实验-数值混合分析方法。其基本的假设是:花纹横沟在进入地面和离开地面时产生气流,花纹纵沟将该气流收集,在轮胎接地前端和后端辐射出噪声;该噪声的大小与轮胎和地面形成的声场有关,也和轮胎花纹的节距排列有关。所提出的方法包括雕刻花纹轮胎噪声测试、轮胎声场阻抗数值分析、以及声源辨识三部分;通过在频域反演噪声传播过程辨识不同横沟的声源;通过雕刻花纹轮胎进行了噪声实验验证,说明了本方法的有效性。Tire noise dominates after a vehicle reaches a certain velocity,such as,50km /h for a car and 80km /h for a truck.It has three main kinds including air pumping noise,vibration noise and aero-dynamical noise.Air pumping noise is highly dependent on tire pattern configuration,it is a designable variable.It is still a challenge to determine the spectral features of a noise source and to predict its spectrum for a given tire pattern design.Here,a hybrid experimental-numerical analysis method was proposed to identify an air pumping noise source＇s spectrum.The basic assumption was that the tire pattern＇s lateral groove produces airflows when entering and leaving contact ground while its longitudinal groove collects airflows and emits noise;the radiated noise spectrum depends on the sound impedance properties of the sound chamber around the contact ground and the tread pattern pitch arrangement.The proposed scheme included three parts of measurement of tire cut pattern noisees,numerical analysis of sound impedance of tire sound field,and noise source identification with inverse calculation.Through inverse analysis of sound propagation of noise field in frequency domain to recognize noise sources with different lateral grooves and comparing them with the measured results of tire cut pattern noises the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified.

关 键 词：轮胎花纹 泵浦噪声 声阻抗 节距排列 实验-数值混合分析 噪声反演 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程] TB942[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]