上古刑罚与身份  

Early Ancient Penalty and Identity

作　　者：吕利[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学马克思主义学院,上海200433

出　　处：《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期20-25,91,共6页Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：刑罚,通常被理解为通过剥夺权益或者造成身体上的损害而给犯罪者施加一定精神、肉体上的痛苦的制裁措施。然而,在人类社会早期的刑罚史上,比财产的损失、肉体的痛苦更深刻的是人格的贬损。犯罪者往往被逐出社会,丧失社会人格,从而改变身份,并丧失附着于身份上的宗教的、家族的、政治的、财产的等各项权益。"刑罚"与"身份"密切相关,构成古代"身份社会与伦理法律"中的重要一环。身份是理解中国上古直至秦汉帝国初期刑罚体制的关键起点。The penalty is usually understood as punishment measures which exert a certain mental and physical pains on the offenders through the deprivation of rights or physical damages. However,in the early penalty history of human beings,the derogation was more miserable than property damage or physical pains. The expulsion means the loss of social personality,religion,family,politics,property attached to the identity.'Penalty'was closely related to'identity'and constituted an important part of 'the identical society and ethical law'. Therefore,'identity'is the key to understanding the penal system from the early Chinese civilized history to the Qin and Han Dynasties.

关 键 词：上古 秦汉 刑罚体系 身份 肉刑 

分 类 号：K22[历史地理—历史学] D929[历史地理—中国史]