中国古代时空观与道观念的演变  

The Evolution of Temporal-spatial Concept in Ancient China

作　　者：李晓春[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学哲学社会学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期27-33,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(13LZUJBWZD001)

摘　　要：中国古代时空观在中国古代法象思维的影响下,与原始的道的含义有着密切的关联。但是在宋明理学兴起之后,这种与天地万物的实际存在相联系的时间和空间则由于理与气的相分而与理分离开来。道在宋明理学中被理学一系改造为天理,这个天理已经不是过去那种与气、时空纠结在一起的混沌未分的存在。可以说,道在宋明时期分化出了两个部分,即理和气;我们因此也便知晓,宋明时期所说的天理只是先秦时期道的一个部分,虽然道的原意依旧在张载、王夫之的思想中有所保留,但中国主流关于道的思想发生了重大的变化,这一变化在中国思想史上的影响是十分深远的。Under the influence of astrology, the ancient Chinese temporal-spatial concept was closely associ- ated with the connotation of Tao, which was supposed to have truly reflected the actual state of the universe; however, after the rise of neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties, the ancient Chinese temporal- spatial concept was separated from the concept of reason in accordance with the separation of reason and qi （life energy）. Tao was transformed into heavenly law in Sung Ming Neo-Confucianism, drifting away from its old concept that time and space were inseparably intertwined in existence. It is therefore inferred that the so-called heavenly law in the Song and Ming dynasties was only one part of the Pre-Qin period; although the concept of Tao could be still recognizable in Zhang Zai＇s and Wang Fuzhi＇ s theories, the mainstream of Chi- nese thought had significantly changed and thus profoundly impacted Chinese history.

关 键 词：道 天理 气 时间 空间 时空观 宋明理学 

分 类 号：B016.9[哲学宗教—哲学理论]