幼儿教师职业压力对职业认同的影响:应对方式和心理资本的作用  

Effects of Occupational Stress on Occupational Identity Among Kindergarten Teachers:Effects of Ways of Coping and Psychological Capital

作　　者：王钢[1] 张大均[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都大学学前教育学院,成都610106 [2]西南大学心理健康教育研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第10期157-163,共7页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：四川学前教育发展研究中心资助项目(CECER-2013-A06);四川省教师教育研究中心资助项目(TER2013-013)

摘　　要：为探索幼儿教师职业压力、应对方式和心理资本对职业认同的影响,随机选取川渝两地幼儿教师328名作为被试,用幼儿教师工作压力源问卷(KTOSQ)、幼儿教师职业认同问卷(KTOIQ)、教师心理资本问卷(TPCQ)和简易应对方式量表(SSWC)进行调查,结果表明:1幼儿教师的消极应对部分中介职业压力对职业认同的负向影响,但积极应对对职业认同仅有直接正向作用而无中介作用.2幼儿教师的心理资本调节职业压力对消极应对的影响.职业压力较小时,高心理资本幼儿教师的消极应对水平远远低于低心理资本者,但职业压力较大时,无论心理资本如何,消极应对水平都较高.因此,心理资本是职业压力的易损因子.In order to test the effects of occupational stress ,ways of coping and psychological capital on oc-cupational identity ,328 kindergarten teachers in Sichuan and Chongqing were investigated randomly with KTOSQ （kindergarten teachers’ occupational stress questionnaire） ,KTOIQ （kindergarten teachers’ occu-pational identity questionnaire） ,TPCQ （teachers’ psychological capital questionnaire） and SSWC （simple scale of ways of coping） .The results showed that kindergarten teachers’ negative coping style partially me-diated the effect of occupational stress on occupational identity ,and their positive coping style made a di-rect impact on occupational identity ,without any mediating effect .Kindergarten teachers’ psychological capital moderated the effect of occupational stress on negative coping style .Experiencing low occupational stress ,kindergarten teachers with a high level of psychological capital performed lower level of negative coping style than those with a low level of psychological capital ;whereas experiencing high occupational stress ,all kindergarten teachers performed with a similar level of negative coping style irrespective of their psychological capital .In sum ,psychological capital is a stress-vulnerability factor to occupational stress .

关 键 词：职业压力 职业认同 应对方式 心理资本 幼儿教师 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]