基于小波阈值的天然气管道阀门内漏信号分析  

Signal Analysis for the Inner Leakage of Natural Gas Pipeline Valve Based on Wavelet Threshold

作　　者：刘治超[1] 陈鑫[1] 马斌良[2] 李振林[1] 郭茂磊 张海峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油天然气股份有限公司独山子石化分公司,新疆克拉玛依833600

出　　处：《北京石油化工学院学报》2015年第2期20-24,共5页Journal of Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2012CB720504);国家自然基金项目(51106180)

摘　　要：阀门是天然气管道运输的重要组成部件,阀门内漏给天然气管道运输带来了严重的安全威胁。通过阀门内漏声发射特性实验和声发射信号分析,可以得到声发射信号的幅度、能量和频谱,并进行内漏流量的判定。由于采集的声发射信号含有大量的噪声,因此应对采集的声发射信号采用默认阈值、硬阈值、软阈值、改进的小波阈值等多种阈值进行降噪分析,提高重建信号的信噪比,降低均方根误差值,消除信号噪声,为阀门内漏的检测和定性定量分析提供有效工具。Valves are important components of the natural gas pipeline, and the safe operation of gas pipelines is threatened by the valve inner leakage. Through analysis of acoustic emission signals, which were detected from experiments on the inner leakage of valve, some change rules are gained, including amplitude, energy and spectrum of signals. Thus, the inner leakage of valve can he identified. Due to the fact that the acoustic emission signals contain acoustic noise, the default threshold, hard threshold, soft threshold and improved threshold de-noising algorithm are applied to signal analysis. By improving the signal-to-noise ratio, decreasing the root-mean-square-error（rmse） value, and eliminating the signal noise, effective measures are provided for the valve inner leakage detection and quantitative analysis.

关 键 词：频谱分析 声发射 小波阈值 信噪比 均方根误差值 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]