新疆乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族孕妇膳食营养调查  

An investigation on dietary nutrition status of Uyghur pregnant women in Urumqi of Xinjiang

作　　者：冷爱枝[1] 沙丽塔娜提.居来提 阿瓦古丽.玉克赛尔 买买提依力.巴拉提 肖辉[3] 丁桂凤 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学校医院,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆医科大学基础医学院,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2015年第7期909-913,共5页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：乌鲁木齐市科技局(Y111310004)

摘　　要：目的了解乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族孕妇膳食营养现状,分析存在的问题,为做好孕期的膳食营养保健提供依据。方法以乌鲁木齐市600名维吾尔族孕妇(孕早、中、晚期各200名)为调查对象,采用24h回顾法调查食物摄入状况,计算各类食物和营养素的摄入量及达标情况。结果谷类和油类食物的摄入量分别为(720.41±214.01)g和(34.13±7.12)g,均高于推荐摄入量;薯类及制品、水果、乳类及制品的摄入量分别为(81.58±54.747)、(391.84±316.23)、(235.75±166.69)g,达到推荐摄入量。蔬菜、畜肉类及制品的摄入量分别为(345.35±139.28)g和(85.57±52.52)g,低于推荐标准。52.3%维吾尔族孕妇未食用豆类及坚果类,食用豆类及坚果类的维吾尔族孕妇摄入量为(30.06±23.32)g,低于推荐摄入量。65.8%维吾尔族孕妇未食用蛋类,食用蛋类的孕妇摄入量为(57.54±16.95)g,达到推荐摄入量。能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物摄入量达到推荐摄入量,分别为(3 240.78±793.85)kcal、(106.55±29.51)g和(606.08±187.02)g;钙、磷、钾、钠、镁、铁、锌的摄入量分别为(1 478.04±757.74)、(1 749.07±546.69)、(4 619.97±1 768.79)、(5 492.33±1 126.7)、(677.49±232.37)、(40.77±14.69)、(21.07±6.46)mg,达到或高于推荐摄入量。VitE、VitC的摄入量分别为(18.30±5.21)mg和(320.49±159.3)mg,高于推荐摄入量,孕中、晚期Vit B1的摄入量为(1.52±0.44)mg、(1.73±0.51)mg达到推荐摄入量,VitA、B2的摄入量为(717.37±415.30)、(1.12±0.34)mg,低于推荐摄入量。结论各类食物和营养素摄入不合理,摄入不足或超量比例较大。主要以谷类作为热量来源,富含优质蛋白的乳类、肉类及豆类食物摄入不足。油类、谷类及制品摄入超标,豆类、坚果类及鸡蛋类摄入量不足。Objective To understand the dietary nutrition status of pregnant women of Uyghur nationality in Urumqi,and analys the existing problems to provide a basis for well maternal dietary nutrition and health care.Methods Six hundred of Uyghur pregnant women in Urumqi were chosen as research objects. Applied a questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall method which used for studying the basic situation and the nutrition status of research objects.The result was compared with Chinese Dietary Reference In-takes （DRIs）to understand the reaching standard.Results The intakes of grain and oil were higher than DRIs,with（720.41 ± 214.01 ）g,（34.13 ± 7.12）g,respectively;The intakes of tubers,fruits,milk＆amp;nbsp;[（81.58±54.747）g,（391.84 ± 316.23）g,（235.75 ± 166.69）g,respectively]reached the DRIs .The intakes of vegetables and meat [（345.35±139.28]g,（85.57±52.52 ）g]were lower than DRIs.52.3% of Uyghur pregnant women did not eat beans and nuts,the intakes of the rest of them [（30.06±23.32）g] were lower than DRIs.65.8% of Uyghur pregnant women did not eat eggs.The intakes of energy,protein, carbohydrates [（3 240.78±793.85）Kcal ,（106.55±29.51）g,（606.08±187.02）g]reached the DRIs.The intakes of Ca,P,K,Na,Mg,Fe,Zn [（1 478.04±757.74）mg,（1 749.07±546.69）mg,（4 619.97± 1 768.79）mg,（5 492.33±1 126.76）mg,（677.49±232.37）mg,（40.77±14.69）mg,（21.07±6.46）mg] reached or were higher than DRIs.The intakes of Vitamin E,Vitamin C [（18.30±5.21）mg,（320.49± 159.30）mg]were higher than DRIs.The intakes of Vitamin B1 of Middle and late pregnancy [（1.52 ± 0.44）mg,（1.73±0.51）mg]reached the DRIs.The intakes of Vitamin A and Vitamin B2 [（717.37 ± 415.30）mg,（1.12±0.34）mg]are lower than DRIs.Conclusion The dietary composition is unreasonable;the intakes of high quality milk,animal,bean protein,beans,nuts as well as the intakes of eggs are insuf-ficient.The intakes of oil and grains are excessive.

关 键 词：乌鲁木齐市 孕妇 膳食营养 膳食调查 维吾尔族 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]