硬岩掘进机的动力吸振方案优化研究  

Optimization of Dynamic Absorbers of Tunnel Boring Machines

作　　者：李献[1] 邹晓阳[2] 徐海[3] 郑辉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学振动,冲击,噪声研究所,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学上海市复杂薄板结构数字化制造重点实验室,上海200240 [3]中铁十八局集团有限公司,西安710400

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2015年第3期189-194,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划:2013CB035403)

摘　　要：针对某隧道掘进工程中硬岩掘进机(TBM)的振动进行了实地测量。通过现场测试的结果可以看出,TBM推进系统在整个工作过程中振动剧烈,且主梁振动加速度响应在15Hz附近处出现明显的峰值。为降低TBM推进系统的振动水平,提出利用动力吸振器对TBM系统的振动进行抑制的方案。传统动力吸振器必须要有足够的附加质量才能达到良好的吸振效果,然而,TBM系统质量巨大且安装空间有限,吸振器的附加质量很难做到足够大。为此提出应用杠杆机构来实现放大吸振器的附加质量的方案,并设计了适用于TBM推进系统的动力吸振器。通过TBM整机—动力吸振器动力学建模分析,得到系统的频率响应函数,进而利用定点理论求得吸振器的最优同调条件与最优阻尼条件,最后对比传统动力吸振器和质量放大吸振器对主系统的抑振效果。结果表明,优化后的质量放大吸振器在吸振效果上较传统动力吸振器具有明显的优势。Vibration response of a Tunnel Boring Machine（TBM） in a tunneling engineering was measured. The results showed that there was an intensive vibration response of the TBM during the tunnel boring process and a distinct peak value of the vibration acceleration response of the principal girder near 15 Hz frequency. In order to suppress the vibration of the TBM, a measure using dynamic vibration absorbers（DVA） was proposed. To ensure the vibration reduction effectiveness of the DVA, a sufficiently large additive mass was necessary for the traditional DVA design. Unfortunately, this was impossible due to the tremendous mass of the TBM and very limited available space for DVA installation. In this work,a new DVA design was proposed where the additive mass was amplified by a leverage mechanism. The dynamic equations for the TBM with the new DVA were developed, and the frequency response function was obtained. Furthermore, the stiffness and damping parameters of the proposed DVA were optimized using fixed-point design theory. Finally, the performances of the new DVA and the traditional DVA were compared mutually. It is shown that the new DVA performs much better than the traditional ones in vibration reduction of the TBM system.

关 键 词：振动与波 硬岩掘进机 动力吸振器 杠杆原理 质量放大 定点理论 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]