梵剧《龙喜记》的宗教倾向--佛陀、湿婆和蛇崇拜的杂糅  

Religious Inclinations of the Sanskrit Drama Nāgānanda: A Combination of the Worship of the Buddha, Siva and Serpent

作　　者：张远[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2015年第3期143-151,共9页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金特别委托项目“梵文研究及人才队伍建设”【项目批号:09@zh019】子课题“戒日王戏剧翻译与研究”【课题编号:220100020015】的阶段性成果;国家留学基金资助

摘　　要：戒日王(590-647)是印度历史上的著名君王,中印交流史上的重要人物,同时也是一位杰出的梵语戏剧作家。《龙喜记》是戒日王的代表作之一,因其蕴含的佛教元素,被众多学者认为是一部佛教戏剧。本文通过细读梵文原文和细致比对不同版本异文,辩称《龙喜记》运用佛教和印度教共通的思维,具有杂糅的宗教倾向,在表面上看或许是佛教戏剧,然而从深层次考虑则属于倾向湿婆崇拜(包括蛇崇拜)的印度教戏剧。Har.savardhana （hereinafter referred to as Har.sa, or Siladitya , 590-647） is one of the most famous emperors in Indian history, an important personage in the intercultural communications between India and China, and a unique playwright of Sanskrit dramas. Nagananda is one of Har.sa＇s masterpieces, and is taken as a Buddhist drama by many scholars. The present article, by closely reading the Sanskrit text, and by carefully comparing different versions of Nagananda, argues that this drama possesses characteristics of both Buddhism and Hinduism： on the surface it might be taken as a Buddhist drama, but beyond that surface, it has the inclination of Hinduism, the Worship of Siva, as well as the elements of Serpent Cult.

关 键 词：《龙喜记》 梵语戏剧 佛教 印度教 湿婆崇拜 蛇崇拜 

分 类 号：I351.073[文学—其他各国文学]