单菌种和混合菌处理养殖污水的效果  

Effects of single bacteria and mixed strains in aquaculture wastewater treatment system

作　　者：宋协法[1] 潘玉兰[1] 马真 董登攀[1] 黄志涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,青岛266003 [2]大连市水产研究所,大连116013

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第7期3281-3287,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B04)

摘　　要：为了优化养殖污水处理系统中的生物膜法技术,研究了枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、酵母菌(Saccharomyces)和乳酸菌(Lactobacillus)及其混合菌对养殖污水的净化能力。实验共进行35 d,设置了8个处理组,以添加无菌生理盐水的处理组为对照组。结果表明,添加了菌种的处理组,对氨氮(NH+4-N)和亚硝氮(NO-2-N)的处理效果显著优于对照组(P<0.05),混合菌组的处理效果要显著优于单菌种处理组(P<0.05),其中3种菌混合的处理组效果最佳,NH+4-N和NO-2-N的去除率均达到90%以上;接种枯草芽孢杆菌的4个处理组对无机磷(TP)的去除能力要显著高于其他未接种该菌的处理组,TP的最终浓度维持在0.2 mg/L,而其他处理组在0.59 mg/L以上;添加菌种的各处理组对化学需氧量(CODMn)的去除效果差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中3种菌混合的处理组去除率最高,达76.9%。在本实验条件下,混合菌处理污水的能力要优于单菌种,3种菌混合的处理组要优于菌种两两混合的处理组。The wastewater purification abilities of Bacillus subtilis,yeast,lactobacillus and mixed strains were evaluated in order to optimize the biofilm technology in wastewater treatment systems.The experiments were carried out for 35 days.Eight treatments were set up and sterile saline was set as control.Results show that the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen（NH＋4-N） and nitrite nitrogen（NO-2-N） were significantly lower in treatments than control,respectively（P 0.05）.The removal rates of NH＋4-N and NO-2-N were both more than 90%in mixed strains treatment systems,which were significantly higher than other treatments（P 0.05）.Significantly lower phosphate were observed in treatments inoculated with Bacillus subtilis（0.2 mg/L） than treatments without Bacillus subtilis（0.59 mg/L）（P 0.05）.The concentrations of chemical oxygen demand（CODMn）were significantly lower in treatments compared the control（P 0.05）,but there were no significant differences among the treatments（P 0.05）.The mixed strains treatment systems had the highest removal rate of CODMn（76.9%）.In conclusion,the most efficient purification ability are attained in the treatment with mixture of three kinds of strains and mixed strains treatment systems are superior to single bacteria treatment systems.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 酵母菌 乳酸菌 混合菌 污水处理 

分 类 号：S959[农业科学—水产养殖]