“人是什么”:一种语义学和现象学的分析  

“What Is Man”: Analysis in Semantics and Phenomenology

作　　者：张志平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学哲学学院

出　　处：《江海学刊》2015年第4期10-17,238,共8页Jianghai Academic Journal

摘　　要：在某种程度上,对"人是什么"这一问题的探讨构成了哲学的核心使命,不同哲学家对这一问题的思考构成了"人"这个同一性概念的差异化的不同侧面。可以从三个方面对此问题展开讨论:(1)苏格拉底对"认识你自己"的思考;(2)"人"这个词在汉语语境中的含义;以及(3)对作为一种现象的"人"的本质,尝试进行现象学的分析描述。从现象上看,人既是一种"能在",也是一种"应在",正因如此,人才有目的地、应然地创造自己的历史。人与动物的区别就在于,人通过其符号化能力而具有自己的历史意识,因此能够积淀自己的文明与文化,并在此基础上孕育自身朝向未来的创造力。To some extent,the inquiry of the question 'what is man?'constitutes the central mission of philosophy,and different philosophers have different thoughts on this issue,which constitutes the differentiated aspects of this identical concept.The discussion towards the issue can be made in three aspects: Socrates' thinking on'know yourself'; the meaning of the word 'man'in Chinese context; the phenomenological description and analysis of 'man'as the essence of a phenomenon.In phenomenological sense,human being is not only a kind of 'can-being',but also a kind of 'should-being',so man is capable of creating his own history rationally and with some purpose.The difference between man and animal is that man has his own historical consciousness through his symbolizing ability,and can accumulate his own creativities and cultures,and breeds his own creativity towards the future.

关 键 词：人 语义学 现象学 历史意识 能在 应在 

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