上海市全科医生规范化培训社区教学基地师资准入标准自评问卷调查  

Questionnaire survey on accreditation standards for trainers of general practitioners in community health centers

作　　者：刘瑶[1] 张向杰[1] 周敬[1] 张丽杨[1] 祝墡珠[1] 寿涓[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院全科医学科,上海200032

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2015年第7期521-526,共6页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：上海市卫生局科研课题（20124412）

摘　　要：目的评价已建立的全科医生规范化培训社区教学基地师资准入标准的实际应用效果。方法根据课题组前期研究阶段制定的“全科医生规范化培训社区教学基地师资准入标准”设计调查问卷，2014年9—10月采用典型抽样方法抽取上海市56家社区教学基地正在从事全科医学教学工作的师资共583名进行自评问卷调查，从职业素养、基层医疗工作能力及教学能力3个方面对社区师资进行综合评估。结果回收有效问卷505份（86．6％）。受访师资对于职业素养这一大类指标具有较高的认同度，80．0％以上的社区师资表示完全具备这些职业素养。在基层医疗服务能力方面，81．4％（411／505）的社区师资完全具备高血压管理的知识和技能；79．8％（403／505）和69．5％（351／505）的师资完全具备2型糖尿病、冠心病管理的知识和技能；对于管理社区癫痫、甲状腺功能减退和慢性心理疾病的知识、技能的完全掌握率则均低于40％；75．4％（381／505）的社区师资完全掌握现场急救的原则，能正确有效地实施心肺复苏；仅有24．8％（125／505）的师资完全具备“结膜异物、鼻腔异物的基本处理”能力，34．5％（174／505）的师资完全掌握“清创和洗胃技术”。师资教学能力普遍较低，对教学方法的掌握不够，仅有48．5％（245／505）和40．2％（203／505）的社区师资能“结合临床实践开展病例讨论”和“结合临床实践开展以问题为导向的教学”。来自城区、市郊结合部及郊区的师资在职业素养及医疗工作能力方面的评分差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）；但教学能力上，市郊结合部师资在“运用适当的教学方法”（F=3．45，P=0．033）、“每月对学员的学习情况做出评估与反馈”（F=5．14，P：0．006）及“保证每周至少4h的带教时间”（F=4．96，P=0．007）这3个指标的评分�Objective To study the application of accreditation standards for trainers of general practitioners （GPs） in community health centers. Methods The questionnaire was designed according to the accreditation standards for GP trainers in community health centers, which involved professional quality, clinical competence in primary care and teaching abilities. According to typical sampling, 583 trainers from 56 community teaching bases in Shanghai were selected for the survey. Results Among 583 participants, the effective respondents were 505 with a response rate of 86. 6% . The professional quality was highly recognized by the participants, and more than 80% of trainers met the requirement. For the ability of primary care,81.4% （411/505 ）, 79.8% （ 403/505 ） and 69.5% （ 351/505 ） of participants were well qualified with the abilities of management for hypertension, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, respectively, while only about 40% had abilities of management for epilepsy, hypothyroidism and chronic mental diseases. 75.4% （381/505） participants fully mastered the principle of first aid skills and CPR, while only 24. 8% （ 125/505 ） had abilities of management for conjunctival foreign body and nasal foreign body ,34. 5% （ 174/505 ） had the abilities of debridement and gastrolavage. For the index of teaching abilities, most trainershad insufficient teaching capacity and experience in the community. Only 48.5% （245/505） and 40. 2% （203/505） of trainers were familiar with the teaching methods of cased-based learning and problem-based learning, respectively. Significant difference was found in the scores of teaching abilities among trainers from community health centers in different locations （ P 〈 0. 05 ） , such as using appropriate teaching methods （ F = 3.45, P =0. 033 ）, monthly assessment and feedback to students （F = 5.14, P = 0. 006） and ensure at least 4 hours of teaching time every week （ F = 4. 96, P = 0. 007）. No significant differences were found in

关 键 词：师资培训 问卷调查 全科医师 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] C975[经济管理—劳动经济]