城市公交网络拓扑特性与鲁棒性实证研究  

Emprical research on topological properties and robustness of urban public transit network

作　　者：张琳[1] 傅白白[2] 殷增超 

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学交通工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]山东建筑大学建筑城规学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《山东建筑大学学报》2015年第3期243-248,共6页Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71171124);国家自然科学基金项目(71371026);国家自然科学基金项目(71471104);山东省高校科技计划项目(J14LI02);山东省高等学校教学改革项目(2012295)

摘　　要：公交网络拓扑特性与鲁棒性是评价城市公交网络可靠性的两个重要方面。文章选取截止到2014年5月的济南市195条公交线路和1433个站点为样本数据,采用space L方法构建济南市公交地理空间网络模型,分析公交网络站点度及度分布、平均最短距离、平均聚类系数、介数、网络有效性、网络最大连通率等拓扑性质;对济南市公交网络鲁棒性进行实证分析,并给出优化对策。结果表明:济南市公交网络具有较小的平均最短距离和较大的聚类系数,度分布为指数λ=2.112的幂律分布,是具有小世界特征的无标度网络;该网络对随机攻击具有鲁棒性,对蓄意攻击具有脆弱性,基于度数的蓄意攻击对公交网络鲁棒性影响最大。The topological properties and robustness are two important aspects to evaluate the reliability of urban public transit network. In this paper, 195 bus mutes and 1433 bus stations of Jinan city until May 2014 have been collected as sample date to build up Jinan city＇s public transit geospatial network model by applying space L method. Then, topological properties, which include degree, average shortest distance, average clustering coefficient, betweenness, network efficiency and network largest connectivity ratio are analyzed. Furthermore, empirical analysis of robustness of public transit network is carried out. Finally, robustness optimization strategies according to Jinan city＇s public transit network are proposed. The results show Jinan city＇s public transit network has smaller average shortest distance and larger clustering coefficient, and its degree distribution follows power-law distribution with index A =2. 112, i.e. , it is a scale-free network with small-world characteristics. The public transit network shows good robustness under random attacks, but robustness is comparatively poor under deliberate attacks, and the deliberate degree attacks have the largest impact on robustness of public transit network.

关 键 词：复杂公交网络 SPACE L方法 拓扑性质 鲁棒性 优化对策 

分 类 号：N94[自然科学总论—系统科学] U121[交通运输工程]